Study On Self-management Of Health Education In Pre-diabetic Population Based On Diffusion Of Innovation Theory

ObjectiveTo investigate the status of self-management behavior and knowledge of diabetes in pre-diabetic population,to analyze the influencing factors of prediabetes self-management ability,and to provide scientific basis for early prevention and treatment of diabetes in pre-diabetic population.To explore the effect of health education program based on Diffusion of Innovation Theory on disease cognition,self-management ability and glucose improvement in pre-diabetic population,and to provide a new idea for enriching the concept of health education for clinical nurses.MethodsThe first part:from January 2020 to December 2020,152 patients with prediabetes who participated in physical examination in the endocrine outpatient clinic and physical examination center of a Grade 3A Hospital in Hohhot were selected as the research objects.Through cross-sectional survey,general data of subjects,disease knowledge questionnaire of pre-diabetic patients,prediabetes self-management scale were collected to evaluate their knowledge level and self-management status;Correlation analysis of prediabetes self-management scores and general data using t test or one-way ANOVA.The prediabetes self-management scale was divided into dependent variables,and the factors with statistical significance of correlation analysis were included as independent variables in multivariate linear regression to analyze the influencing factors of self-management ability of the subjects.The second par:80 patients with prediabetes were randomly divided into control group and intervention group,and the control group was given routine health education.The intervention group was given health education program based on Diffusion of Innovation Theory on the basis of control group.Collect the general data of the subjects,use the t test or chi-square test to analyze the differences between the two groups;the two groups before intervention,1 month after intervention and 3 months after the collection of pre-diabetic patients disease knowledge questionnaire score,prediabetes self-management scale each dimension score and total score for repeated measurement variance analysis;Blood glucose values collected before and 3 months after intervention were independent sample t test.SPSS24.0 was used for statistical analysis.P<0.05 was statistically significant.Results1.The results showed that the average score of disease knowledge was(7.7±2.20),and the average score of self-management was(73.06±7.72),were all at a low level.The multivariate linear regression equation F=5.922,P<0.001,adjusted R~2is 0.37.Multiple linear regressions showed Pre-diabetic patients over 60 years old(β=0.383,P=0.009),college education(β=3.294,P=0.001)and bachelor’s degree(β=3.019,P=0.003),family history of diabetes(β=0.316,P<0.001),history of diabetes health education(β=0.154,P=0.029)had higher self-management scores.2.There were significant differences in prediabetes disease knowledge level,prediabetes self-management health concept dimension,self-efficacy dimension,diet management dimension,exercise management dimension,compliance management dimension and total score in intervention main effect,time main effect score between the two groups before intervention,1 month and 3 months after intervention(P<0.05).There was interaction between intervention factors and time factors(P<0.05).3.The levels of 2 hours postprandial blood glucose in the control group,fasting blood glucose and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose in the intervention group were significantly lower than those before intervention(P<0.05);The decrease of fasting blood glucose and 2hours postprandial blood glucose in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion1.The mastery of disease knowledge and self-management level of patients with prediabetes were at a low level.2.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,education level,family history of diabetes and history of diabetes health education were the influencing factors of self-management of patients with prediabetes.3.Health education based on Diffusion of Innovation Theory can improve the level of disease knowledge of pre-diabetic patients,and the intervention effect is better than that of routine health education.4.The health education based on Diffusion of Innovation Theory can improve the self-management ability of patients with prediabetes,which is significantly better than the control group in health concept,self-efficacy,diet management,exercise management,compliance management and the total score of the scale,but there is no significant difference in the dimensions of rest and sleep,stress coping,family environment and social environment management.5.Health education based on Diffusion of Innovation Theory can improve the blood glucose level of patients with prediabetes,and the intervention effect is better than that of conventional health education,but the decrease of fasting blood glucose is lower than that of2 hours postprandial blood glucose.In the future,it is necessary to seek an intervention scheme combining universality and particularity under the guidance of professional theory according to the blood glucose metabolism rules and individual metabolic differences,so as to achieve a more scientific and effective sugar control goal.