Study On Business Gang In Chongqing From Qing Dynasty To The Republic Of China

During the qing dynasty,the famous shang gangs in shanxi,shaanxi,jiangyou and so on still existed until the period of the Republic of China.Chongqing,which is located in southwest China,was also active in many business groups from the qing dynasty to the Republic of China in its economic life,both local and foreign.They jointly created a unique business culture in chongqing."Jiangxi filling huguang" and "huguang filling sichuan",the great immigrants from bashu in history,attracted many merchants from other places,who either lived temporarily or moved to chongqing to become permanent residents.Immigration gave birth to the chongqing business gang.The rudiment of chongqing business group benefited from the early association of fellow villagers.In addition to the reception of fellow townsman hall,but also as a trading venue.The cooperation of townsman businessman also formed each business group slowly.Business groups are divided into two types: one is divided by region,the other is divided by industry.Due to the strong color of chongqing immigrants,businessmen in the same village because of mutual assistance,often operate the same industry,monopoly the bank,thus forming a bank.The businessmen from other provinces promoted the development of chongqing’s early commerce,and the prosperity of commerce led to the rise of various industries in chongqing.Kong in chongqing business in shaanxi,jiang kong right,Shanxi Province,this paper introduces in detail their business in chongqing region in Kang Yonggan were:(1)jiangxi people moved to chongqing,is formed by jiangxi business group in chongqing also slowly fall to the ground to take root,opened the chongqing market,good at management medicine industry.(2)in the 25 th year of the reign of emperor qianlong,shaanxi gang entered chongqing commercial market and mainly engaged in pawn business.(3)shanxi shangbang is good at operating the ticketing industry in chongqing.The later years in Daoguang reign of Qing Dynasty,shanxi ticket number rishengchang developed to chongqing.During the period of the Republic of China,the business groups in their respective industries developed in chongqing.In order to have a glimpse of the overall business operationof chongqing merchants,this paper focuses on the pharmaceutical industry,mountain products,financial industry,rice and grain industry,shipping industry and other business analysis.Chongqing business as a whole,need to have the management system and its operation mechanism as a safeguard.Internally,the self-management of the business community requires an organizational structure,rules and regulations,and a mechanism for resolving internal disputes.Externally,the business community has to submit to the supervision of local governments in order to coordinate the interests of all parties.With the outbreak of the war of resistance against Japan and the progress of science and technology in the later period,as well as the poor management of the business group,the traditional chongqing business group(the business group)gradually declined.