The Study Of Posthumous Title As A "Ling" Monarch In Zuozhuan

There are not a few monarchs recorded in Zuozhuan.Some of the nine monarchs of posthumous title’s "Ling" are all-powerful or have no sense of being.However,as one of the three most evil posthumous title,there must be a reason why nine people fall into one category.According to the behaviors of the nine monarchs recorded in the book,they are divided into not worthy to be a monarch,losing the country disturbs the country,break one’s vows and kill his monarch,and no trace to find.Then analyzing Chu Ling: the conflict between emotion and ceremony,Qi Ling: ambition alone is not the virtue of a wise King.Jin Ling: a boy and a boy king.It can be concluded that although the word "Ling" can be used as a summary of the common points of eight people except ZhouLingwang,they have their own reasons and cannot be treated in the same way.Even if they are all labelled "Ling".In addition to finding clues in other documents,the research on the author can also find some clues in Zuozhuan.In the aspect of the author’s ideological tendency to the characters in the book,chooses the records about some kings to compare with the records in Guoyu,which can analyze the attitude of Zuozhuan to them,as well as the attitude and tendency to various countries.Through the analysis and comparison,the author of Zuozhuan has a clear love-hate difference between Jin and Chu can be find,which leads to the conclusion that the author of Zuozhuan was Wu Qi in the Warring States period."Records of the historian" and "Zuo zhuan" are both historical prose,and there are some differences in the techniques used to create the characters,in comparison with records of the historian,we can see the use of language and action description,the use of other people’s words,the use of words and sentences to highlight images and contrast.Regarding the causes of "Ling" in posthumous titles,we can start with the political and ideological and cultural aspects,including the destruction of the feudal order and the evolution of the idea of attaching importance to the People’s equality,etc.The reasons include the improper behavior of the monarch,the strict requirement of the monarch in ancient China and the need to maintain the rule.