A Study Of The Imperative Sentence Marked By“qie” In Ming And Qing Dynasties

The imperative sentence is one of important sentence styles in the Chinese language,it has a variety of form marks,for example: adverbs,modal verbs,willing verbs,etc.The imperative sentences marked by the adverb “qie” are very active in the narrative style of Ming and Qing dynasties,condensing distinctive characteristics of the times.This paper is divided into five parts,my paper studies it in detail and roughly describes the basic features of imperative sentences marked by“qie”in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The first part is the introduction,which mainly introduces the definition and classification of imperative sentences,expounds the significance of topic selection,research results and current situation of imperative sentences marked by“qie ”,and explains the research methods and language materials of this paper.Part two discusses the syntactic structure of the imperative sentence marked by“qie” in Ming and Qing Dynasties,its subject is mainly the second person “you” and its predicate is mainly verbal phrases.Part there focuses on its semantic study.Its semantic pattern is mainly:“the messenger + qie + imperative action”.The main discussion is made on the semantic attributes and requirements of the verbs in the affirmative and negative forms.Part five is centered on its pragmatic study,analyzes the characteristics of its context distribution,discusses the classification of pragmatic functions,that is,table commands,table exhortations,table suggestions,and table requests.The locutionary force of imperative sentences marked by “qie”with different functions,with or without “qie”,with or without subject,and with or without the mood particle at the end of the sentence is obviously different.Part five discusses the diachronic evolution,reveals the source of“qie”which means “temporary”and the motivation of deriving the imperative function,and points out that “qie+VP” indicating “temporary action behavior”for the imperative sentence is active in the works of Ming and Qing Dynasties.To the modern Chinese,this usage decline,it is not the same source as the “qie+VP” in the modern Beijing dialect which indicats “long-term action behavior”.