A Study Of Chinese Elements In Persian Art During The Ilkhanate Period

The Mongolian period is the second climax of art exchange between China and Persia since the Tang Dynasty.The direct cause of this large-scale exchange of goods,people,ideas,art and culture between China and Iran was the third Mongolian Westward Conquer led by Hulagu.In 1256,Hulagu established the Ilkhanate in Persia.As a vassal state of the Yuan dynasty,Ilkhanate maintained close political relations with China.Under the unified political framework,the traffic barrier between the Yuan Dynasty of China and the Ilkhanate of Persia was broken,and the economic trade and personnel circulation of both sides became more frequent.Thanks to the political unity,smooth transportation and frequent exchanges,Chinese artistic elements were also introduced to Persia.Traditional Chinese patterns such as dragon and phoenix patterns,lotus patterns and cloud patterns were used in Persian miniature,textiles,ceramics,metal wares and other art departments,and in the decoration environment of foreign countries,they present different styles and characteristics from Chinese archetypes.In addition,Chinese elements also had a certain influence on the development of Persian art decorative patterns and aesthetic ideas.More far-reaching significance is that the Persian artwork decorated with Chinese elements is a concrete Mongolian empire,which serves as a mirror of The Times,reflecting the historical picture of extensive and frequent exchanges between China and Persia along the silk road during the Ilkhanate period.The paper is divided into four chapters except the introduction.The first chapter outlines the background of the introduction of Chinese elements into Persia,mainly from four aspects: friendly political relations,smooth traffic conditions,prosperous trade market and frequent personnel exchanges.The second chapter summarizes the image characteristics,symbolic connotation and style evolution of Chinese elements in Chinese art,mainly dragon and phoenix patterns,lotus patterns and cloud patterns.The third chapter is the focus of the article,which discusses the application of Chinese elements in Persian art.This chapter describes and discusses the application of Chinese animal patterns,plant patterns and cloud patterns in Persian miniature,textiles,ceramics,metal wares and grotto art.The fourth chapter summarizes the characteristics of Chinese elements in Persian art.By comparing Persian Chinese patterns with Chinese prototypes,it sums up some characteristics of Chinese elements in Persian art.At the same time,it also discusses the influence of Chinese elements on the development of Persian art,mainly from the influence of Chinese elements on Persian art decorative patterns and style trends.