| In the guiding opinions on the cultivation and development of modern metropolitan area issued by the national development and Reform Commission,it is pointed out that metropolitan area is a spatial form of urbanization with megacities or big cities with strong radiation and driving functions as the center and one hour commuter circle as the basic scope within the urban agglomeration;Our country will promote the development of the central city and surrounding cities,and cultivate and develop a number of modern metropolitan areas.In recent years,the construction of Jinan Metropolitan area presents a rapid development trend.Based on the theory of regional division of labor,core edge theory,growth pole theory and spatial interaction theory,this paper summarizes the characteristics of the process of urbanization of Jinan Metropolitan area.With the help of night lighting data,OSM,Baidu search index,baidu migration index and statistical data,this paper evaluates and analyzes the process of urbanization in Jinan Metropolitan Area in terms of economy,transportation and public services;And then explore the influence factors of the development of Jinan Metropolitan Area,and put forward the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the high-quality development of Jinan Metropolitan area.The conclusions are as follows :(1)Jinan Metropolitan area has a good foundation of resources and environment,huge reserves of mineral resources and rich landscape tourism resources;In 2019,the GDP of seven cities in Jinan Metropolitan Area totaled 382.762 billion US dollars,accounting for 37.2% of the GDP of the whole province;There is a large gap in the growth rate of per capita GDP among cities in the metropolitan area,showing an obvious ladder;The tertiary industrial structure of Jinan Metropolitan area has changed from 7.8:59.2:33.0 in 2007 to 5.7:47.2:47.1 in 2018.As the capital of Shandong Province,Jinan’s tertiary industrial structure is better than other cities in Jinan Metropolitan area.In terms of social development,the population absorption capacity of Jinan Metropolitan area is gradually enhanced,the process of urbanization is fast,and the population scale is constantly increasing,from 34.61 million in 2008 to 37.16 million in 2018,accounting for 36.76% of the total population of the province to36.99%,and the urbanization rate of Jinan Metropolitan Area will be 62.60% in 2019;The scale of employment is huge,and the living standard of urban and rural residents is relatively high.Jinan,the core city of Jinan Metropolitan Area,is the center of education,culture and scientific innovation in the whole province.Medical and health resources are relatively concentrated,and medical resources radiate to the metropolitan area.The construction process of Jinan Metropolitan area began in 2004.With the introduction of a series of important strategic documents,Jinan Metropolitan area has gradually built a convenient transportation circle,an economic first circle,a happy life circle and a beautiful ecosystem.(2)The integration of economy,transportation and public service in Jinan Metropolitan area is not synchronous.From 2013 to 2019,the nighttime light brightness value of Jinan Metropolitan Area will continue to increase,and the economic vitality of the metropolitan area will continue to improve;The economy of suburban counties is growing rapidly,and the economic ties with the city center and Jinan,the core city,are gradually strengthening;The spatial pattern of economic development in metropolitan area is prominent,showing the gradient differences among the four major economic development regions.From 2013 to 2019,the built-up area of Jinan City has been expanding,showing an obvious eastward development trend in recent years,and the area growth rate is relatively large.The market integration of Jinan Metropolitan area shows obvious stages,the commodity market integration and the consumer market integration are developing in fluctuations,and the development trend is not obvious.In Jinan Metropolitan Area,the accessibility of traffic between cities is improving,the road density is increasing,and the time distance is narrowing.The traffic links between cities and within cities are strengthened;With the economic and social development and the growth of people’s demand,the density and quantity of roads in low-density areas and low-density areas decrease,while the density and quantity of roads in general density areas,high-density areas and high-density areas increase;Road density is closely related to the scale of economic development and population of each city.There are two obvious time nodes of employment in the same city,2013 and 2018 respectively,which are mainly affected by policies and transportation.After the two nodes,the degree of employment in the same city is obviously accelerated.Jinan,as an education center,is mainly characterized by the students from surrounding cities to study in Jinan.Among the new students of colleges and universities in Jinan in 2020,Jinan Metropolitan area accounts for nearly half.Within the metropolitan area,Taian,Dezhou,Liaocheng and other cities have more students in Jinan.(3)The factors that affect the development of Jinan Metropolitan area are the relevance of human history,the coordinated development of industrial dislocation,the effective promotion of policies,the development of transportation first and so on.The main source of population migration in and out of Jinan Metropolitan area is cities in the province,most of which are cities in the metropolitan area;Reasonable industrial structure can promote the flow of factors between cities and promote economic development;The role of government policies in the process of urbanization can not be ignored;As an important part of urban integration,traffic integration also affects the development of urban integration,which is an important factor of urban economic connection.(4)Put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the integration of Jinan Metropolitan area.We should build an integrated development mechanism,promote the integration and efficiency of infrastructure,build a unified and open market,strengthen the radiation and driving role of Jinan,strengthen the industrial division and cooperation among cities,and enhance the convenience and sharing of public services. |
