Military Geography Study For Jing-yuan Military Region

Because of its own geographical characteristics,Jingyuan Military region had always been a major juncture for the forces from Northwest of the Great Wall to encroach upon Guanzhong.In order to resist the attack of Kingdom of Tangut,people of the Song Dynasty built fortresses on Jingyuan Military region from the reign of Emperor Zhenzong,and their fortresses were mainly distributed in Zhenrongjun,Deshunjun and Yuanzhou,which were easily invaded by people of Tangut.In the early years of reign of Emperor Zhenzong,,the Song people began to build fortresses in Zhenrongjun and Yuanzhou to strengthen their defense.After the Qingli War,Jingyuan Road built fortresses further to complete the construction of the front line of defense of Zhenrongjun.However,the defense system in the area beyond the mountain where Deshunjun was located was obviously insuficient before the Qingli War,which became the breakthrough target chosen by Tangut Drawing a lesson from a bitter experience,in order to make up for the loopholes,court of the Song Dynasty set up the Deshunjun to unify the defense beyond the mountain.The defense system was effectively strengthened by building more fortresses,sending more imperial troops,building Shuiluocheng in the southern part of Deshunjun to promote to have garrison troops open up wasteland and grow food grain,developing border trade to attract foreign troops,and incorporating foreign soldiers.Apart from building more fortresses,people of the Song Dynasty spared no effort to enhance military capabilities of Jingyuan Military region.After Qingli War,court of the Song Dynasty sent more troops to the front line on a large scale.Jingyuan Military region became the area with the largest number of imperial troops and cavalry at that time.After the implementation of the art of war the reign of Emperor Shenzong,the deployment of soldiers in Jingyuan Military region was obviously pushed forward,especially the increase in the garrison of Deshunjun,and the army was further expanded after Emperor Shaosheng opened the border.However,to make up for the disadvantage in the quantity of troops,the coordination and containment tactics between various roads came into being.Jingyuan Military region and its neighbors Xihe,Qinfeng and Huanqing formed a corresponding coordination and defense relationship,effectively resisting the invasion of people of Tangut.In the border expansion operation "border opening by Emperor Shaosheng"of Jingyuan Military region,fortresses became a vital carrier of Song army’s offensive operations.After each key place was occupied,large-scale construction would be carried out to build a city village,and defense lines would be built at crucial peripheral locations,connecting points into lines and turning points into planes,so as to completely consolidate and digest the newly occupied area and control the traffic lines;When the time was ripe,they would use them as a springboard to continue to push forward.People of Song Dynasty not only occupied the first line of Tiandu Mountain,established the new boundary between Song Dynasty and Tangut,but also opened up the traffic link with Xihe Military region from the side.