| Intersections are important junctions connecting urban roads,and they are also the places with high incidence of traffic accidents.According to 2012 data from Ministry of Public Security,80 percent of pedestrian traffic accidents occur at intersections.In other words,most pedestrian traffic accidents are caused by the conflicts between pedestrians and vehicles.Some studies have found that the prosocial behavior(smile or wave)of pedestrians to car drivers will increase the possibility of drivers giving way to pedestrians and create a safer crossing environment.However,no studies have explored the impact of pedestrians’ antisocial tendency on crossing decision-making,so this study selected pedestrians’ aggressive tendency as the research variable.Therefore,this study selects a typical intersection in Shenyang as the video experimental material to explore the impact of pedestrian aggressive tendency on crossing decision and visual attention under two different lanes.In study 1,we investigate the impact of pedestrian aggression on pedestrian decision making and visual attention in the situation of human-vehicle conflict in the right adjacent lane.A mixed experimental design of 2 × 2 factors is used in study 1-1.The inter-group variables are aggression tendency(low aggression,high aggression),the intra-group variables are dangerous vehicles in different directions(right turn ahead vehicles,left turn behind vehicles),and the dependent variable is the accuracy of crossing decision.Study 1-2 adopts a2 × 2 × 2 three factor mixed experimental design.The inter-group variables are aggression tendency(low aggression,high aggression),the intra-group variables are dangerous vehicles in different directions(right turn ahead vehicles,left turn behind vehicles),area of interest(right turn ahead lane area of interest,turn left behind the lane area of interest).The dependent variable are the visit duration and visit count of pedestrians in the area of interest.In Study 2,a video of two vehicles approaching at the same time is added on the basis of Study 1 to explore the influence of aggressive tendency on pedestrians’ decision making and visual attention in the situation of pedestrian-vehicle conflict in the left adjacent lane.A mixture of 2 × 3 factors is used in study 2-1.The inter-group variables are aggression tendency(low aggression,high aggression),the intra-group variables are dangerous vehicles in different directions(left turn ahead vehicles,right turn behind vehicles,both vehicles turning at the same time),and the dependent variable is the accuracy of crossing decision.Study 2-2 adopts a 2 × 3 × 2 three factor mixed experimental design.The inter-group variable is aggression tendency(low aggression,high aggression),the intra-group variable is dangerous vehicles in different directions(left turn ahead vehicles,right turn behind vehicles,both vehicles turning at the same time),the area of interest(left turn ahead lane area of interest,turn right behind the lane area of interest),and the dependent variable are the visit count and visit duration to the area of interest when pedestrians cross the street.Through the above experiments,this study draws the following conclusions:(1)In the situation of pedestrian-vehicle conflict,pedestrian aggression has a negative impact on the crossing decision.(2)Pedestrian aggression tendency has a negative effect on the visual attention allocation of turning vehicles.Pedestrians with high aggression tendency tend to ignore turning vehicles,and visit duration of turning vehicles less in the right adjacent lane,and visit count of turning vehicles less in the left adjacent lane.Especially when the turning vehicle is coming from the front,the negative effect of aggressive tendency on the visual attention of the turning vehicle indirectly lead to more wrong crossing decisions.(3)When turning vehicles come from two directions at the same time,pedestrians will make more wrong decisions to cross the street.(4)In the situation of pedestrian-vehicle conflict,pedestrians have visual attention advantage to the rear turning vehicles,which helps them better avoid the danger caused by the rear turning vehicles,whether in the right or left adjacent lanes. |
