Marx’s Theory Of Human Needs And Its Contemporary Value

Marx’s theory of human needs not only sublimates the alienated characteristics of capitalist society,but also contains the idea of human free and comprehensive development.Marx has a deep insight into the internal mechanism of changes in social life.From the narrative of the needs of people’s life,spontaneity,and experience,he extracts the desired vision of a better life belonging to all people in the society,forming a profound and distinct human vision.Nowadays,as socialism with Chinese characteristics has moved into a new era,the principal contradiction made a shift.The masses not only have a higher demand of material well-being,but also pursue further democracy,the rule of law and fairness.Grasping Marx’s theory of human needs under the new historical circumstances,to some certain extent,provides a theoretical reference and experience for the satisfaction of the people’s needs for a better life and the development of human beings.This article is composed of four parts:The first part expounds formation background of Marx’s theory of human needs and the theoretical source.The formation background of Marx’s theory of human needs can be summarized as follows: a giant leap in productivity of productivity,the establishment of the political system of capitalist countries,and the realistic interest demands of the proletariat.Moreover,the thesis sorts out its theoretical sources mainly from related discourses in German classical philosophy,British classical political economy and Utopian socialism.The second part generalizes the formation process of Marx’s theory of human needs.This part is mainly based on Marx’s attention to human needs and various contents at different stages,including three stages.on the exploratory stage,Marx focused on the material needs of the people at the bottom of the society and tried to change the status quo and the oppressed poor;in the basic formation stage,Marx realized the transform to a materialist and a communist.He no longer stays at the bottom of the people’s life,but places the issue of human needs in the social and historical process;in the stage of enrichment and development,through long-term research in political economy,Marx has stepped to concern human needs about capital.Inquiry into the needs of people in socialist production relations.The third part elaborates the major content of Marx’s human needs theory.Firstly,it is explaining human needs form a basic perspective.This not only involves the analysis of the connotation of "human needs" as well as the basic characteristics,such as structural hierarchy,which provide a support for a full understanding of the theory.Secondly,analyze the ways to satisfy people’s needs.Marx explained the satisfaction of human needs from the perspective of need-practical ontology.Labor is the fundamental way to satisfy needs,and the production process and free time are also important conditions.Finally,clarify the way how human needs and their satisfaction develop.According to Marx’s theory of "three forms" of social development,human needs are closely related to human development and social development in pare-capitalist,capitalist and communist societies.Therefore,this part demonstrates the development of human needs and their satisfaction from the historical evolution of social forms.The fourth part explores the value and significance of Marx’s theory of human needs both in theory and in practice.In the aspect of theoretical value,Marx’s human needs theory helps to enhance the understanding and application of Marxist historical materialism.It is the logical starting point of Marxist historical materialism;it helps to clarify the theoretical value of the people-centered development thought.The people-centered theoretical origin;it benefits to deepen the scientific understanding of the main contradictions,spontaneously,as the theoretical basis for understanding the main contradictions,on the threshold of a new age.In terms of practical value,Marx’s human needs theory is beneficial to respect and encourage labor in the process of meeting the needs of the people for a better life,promoting the spirit of labor,and developing productivity;it is beneficial to practice green production methods,and promoting the linkage between all links of production to build a green economic system;it is conducive to increasing free time,stimulating the people’s motivation to create a better life,and providing a broad space for people’s free and comprehensive development.