| The writing time of "SanLi"(三礼)is different,the place where the author lives is also different,the description of certain artifacts in the book is also very brief,how to interpret the text of these three books to help solve the problems of the times,scholars of previous dynasties have come up with different answers after thinking.However,with the help of the achievements of modern folklore and ritual science,the two veins of arranging the body and soul of the dead can be clearly seen in the traditional funeral ceremony.By combing these two threads,we can get a new interpretation of the issue of the carriage used in the funeral recorded in the book,which has been debated by scholars in the past.In this way,we can enrich modern people’s ideas on how to pass down our tradition and rebuild the new system of ceremonies.There are two types of carriages used to arrange the deceased in funerals:"carriage for corpses"and"carriage for souls".The first chapter of this article discusses the"carriage that carries corpses"and the objects that are also buried in the tomb.Discussing how to transport the funerary objects is the key point.The paper also discusses the possible similarities and differences between Shen Che(蜃车)in Zhouli,Gongzhou(輁轴)in Yili and Chun(6)in The Book of Rites.Finally,it discusses the system of"carriage carrying corpses"for public use recorded in the literature.The second chapter,based on the historical data of later generations,investigates the carriage with symbolic symbols of soul appearing in"San Li",trying to explain that in Zheng Xuan’s interpretation of polysyllabic words in In Liji,the three carriages with Hunyi(魂衣)is called hunche.Only Chengche(乘车)in the three carriages is hunche,which is the symbol of the subject in funeral.The third chapter distinguishes an important ritual instrument called Qian Che(遣车)recorded in Zhouli and Liji.Qian Che is another name for hunche and its motorcade.However,the word Qian Che does not appear in The Book of Rites.Zheng Xuan thinks that this is because Shi(士)has a low status,so they can not use Qian Che.He also speculates that the name“Qian Che”is because it can carry"Qian Dian"(遣奠).We compare the different opinions put forward by ancient scholars and the literature of Jing,and think that it is more reasonable that Qian Che is the team of Hun Che(魂车).Tan Gong recorded"Qian Che carrying Zhang",which may be evolved from Zhong(重)with Li(鬲).After completing the ritual function,Qian Che may be collected in the ancestral temple or buried in the cemetery.The horses and carriages of the pre Qin period discovered in modern archaeology may have been used as QianChe. |
