Research On Ortega’s Visual Art Thoughts

Jose Ortega y Gasset was one of the most famous philosophers of modern Spain.His works are both literary and philosophical,and his philosophy is a typical Spanish-style philosophy of life.The development of Ortega’s philosophical thought can be divided into two stages: "life rationality" and "historical rationality".The unity of the two constitutes his macro life system.Linked to Ortega’s own philosophy,Ortega’s visual arts thought has undergone the same changes.Ortega participated in the discussion of art several times in his life,all during the critical period of the development of his philosophical thought,which shows that there is a close relationship between his philosophy and artistic thought.Therefore,this article tries to analyze Ortega’s visual art thought and its changes from the philosophical basis of Ortega before and after.Apart from the introduction and conclusion,the text is divided into four parts.The first part discusses Ortega’s visual art thought under the concept of "living rationality" in his earlier philosophy.First,analyze the concept of "living rationality",the philosophical basis of Ortega’s early artistic thought.On the basis of absorbing the traditional concept of life,Ortega achieved double philosophical transcendence,transcending not only pure reason,but also irrationalism,and formed his own philosophy of "life rationality".Secondly,analyze Ortega’s views on art based on the concept of "life rationality".He believes that the essence of art is to embody life,and art endows life with the power of beauty.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify people’s misunderstandings about art issues and reconfirm the responsibility of art.It is from the "rationality of life" that he supported the development of new art in the early 20 th century,recognized the bold innovation and adventurous character of new art,and looked at the pioneering nature of new art,even if new art had an extreme dehumanization tendency,Austrian Ortega is still trying to understand it philosophically and aesthetically.The second part discusses the visual art thought under the concept of "historical rationality" in Ortega’s later philosophy.First,analyze the concept of "historical rationality" which is the philosophical basis of Ortega’s later artistic thought.During this period,Ortega formed his own view of history on the basis of absorbing the traditional philosophy of historical rationality,and he focused his philosophical research on the temporal existence of human beings.Based on the temporal existence of human beings,he believes that it is necessary to explore the inherent rationality of history itself.Secondly,on the basis of "historical rationality",Ortega revealed the crisis faced by modern art and believed that the crisis faced by art could be turned into a good trend.From the historical existence of man to the development of art history,he hopes to find a way to solve the dilemma of art through the historical analysis of art.The extreme dehumanization of Art Nouveau has been regarded as a passive resistance,and is no longer an artistic paradigm he supports.He hopes to find a positive path for art,and he calls on the artistic elite to take up their responsibilities to deal with art great crisis.The third part compares Ortega’s visual art thought before and after.First,analyze the differences of Ortega’s visual art thought before and after.It is mainly divided into two parts,one is the difference in the views of art utopia,from the strong anti-art utopia in the early stage to the utopia that recognizes art.The second is the transition from the early spatial horizon to the later time horizon.Secondly,it analyzes the reasons for the differences between the early and late artistic thoughts.The internal reasons include the maturity of Ortega’s philosophical construction and the deepening of the understanding of art,and the external reasons include the spread of cultural crisis and the influence of academic criticism.Finally,it analyzes the continuation and improvement of Ortega’s later visual art thought to the earlier period.Ortega’s visual art thought in the early and late stages has similarities and differences.The author strives to clarify the context of Ortega’s attitude towards new art on the basis of fully sorting out the changes in his visual art thought,so as to unravel the changes in Ortega’s attitude towards new art.Contradictions in the art theory before and after the special addition.The fourth part expounds the enlightenment brought by Ortega’s visual art thought.The author believes that there are three aspects of enlightenment.One is the enlightenment of how philosophy develops after thinking about modern philosophy,that is,it is necessary to re-evaluate rationality,restore rationality to the place where it should exist,and build a new type of non-dualistic philosophical system.Second,under the new philosophical landscape,re-examine the humanization issue,attach importance to the setting of humanization standards,and evaluate the accuracy of humanization standards in a timely manner.The third is to think about the development of contemporary art on the basis of the new philosophical picture and the re-examination of humanized standards,integrate art with the ever-developing human society,and mobilize the positive factors in art.