The Research On Comparative Sentences In Travel Notes By Laocan

Travel Notes by Laocan is a representative vernacular literary work in the late Qing Dynasty.The novel is highly colloquial and reflects the characteristics of social language at that time.In this paper,the characteristics and usage of differential comparative sentences are studied.On the basis of this,this paper makes a comparison and analysis on the synchronic and diachronic aspects of Travel Notes by Laocan,and probes into the development and evolution of differential comparative sentences from early modern Chinese to modern Chinese.The paper consists of the following four parts:The first part is introduction.In the introduction,this paper focuses on the definition and classification of differential comparative sentences.This paper defines the category of " differential comparative ratio" as a "semantic-syntactic" category.A differential comparative sentence is a sentence pattern with the feature of [+ differential comparative]in semantics,which contains elements such as comparative items,comparative markers and conclusions in syntax and is combined according to relatively fixed rules.Based on the factors of form and meaning,this paper divides the differential comparative sentences in Travel Notes by Laocan into typical differential comparative sentences and atypical differential comparative sentences.Typical differential comparative sentences include positive differential comparative sentences and negative differential comparative sentences.Atypical differential comparative sentences include adjunctive differential comparative sentences,word order differential comparative sentences and content word differential comparative sentences.The second part and the third part describe typical differential comparative sentences and atypical differential comparative sentences,and analyze their usage in the novel.The fourth part is a synchronic and diachronic comparison.This paper makes a comparative study of Travel Notes by Laocan with Dream of the Red chamber and Legend of Heroes.Find out the commonness and reveal the basic features of differential comparative sentences in Qing Dynasty.Find out the individuality and highlight the corpus value of Travel Notes by Laocan in the transition period.This paper also makes a diachronic comparison with Erpai,a collection of short stories in vernacular Chinese of Ming Dynasty,and the system of differential comparative sentences in early modern Chinese,and discusses the inheritance and development of differential comparative sentences from early modern Chinese to modern Chinese.The evolution of differential comparative sentences from early modern Chinese to modern Chinese mainly presents the following characteristics :（1）the sentence pattern tends to be simple and the structure is more concise;（2）The scope of usage of differential comparative sentences is expanded,and the meanings are more complex and accurate;（3）Specialization of typical differential comparative ratio markers;（4）Atypical differential comparative markers developed in various forms.