| As a branch of adult education,the spare-time education for the peasants mainly refers to the knowledge education activities in culture,politics,technology,health and other aspects for peasants during the leisure time.On the one hand,from 1949 to 1956,the development of spare-time education in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai areas was guided by the educational theory of the classic Marxist writers,on the other hand,it absorbed the beneficial experience of spare-time education for the peasants in the Yan’an Period of the Communist Party of China,which effectively satisfied the need for national construction and the peasants’ growth demands.In the early period after the founding of New China,the spare-time education in rural areas had became one of the most important educational models that the CPC focued on promoting in the process of building the national education system.Different from the unordered state of development of education work in the war,after the founding of New China,the CPC in collaboration with social groups such as the Farmers’ Associations,the CYL,and Women’s Federations,adopted the policy of "dominated by one party,assisted by multiple parties",and gradually incorporated the peasants into the development track of cultural and educational work,realized a period of rapid development of the spare-time education for the peasants.Since 1950,“winter learning” had been promoted on a large scale,and some areas had attempted to transform seasonal winter learning activities into perennial amateur learning activities.The development prospects of rural spare-time education were bright.With the advent of the “speedy method of acquiring”,farmers’ education had been beneficially boosted,the scale of schools had expanded,and the scope of educational services had became wider.The literacy education activities once had the tendency to replace the spare-time education for the peasants,and the campaign of literacy education once disrupted the normal development rhythm of spare-time education in rural areas.However,thanks to the excellent leadership of the Communist Party of China,this fluctuation was quickly subsided,and spare-time education readjusted its direction to serve the agricultural cooperative movement,forming an excellent educational model which includes various forms,such as winter school,spare-time school,literacy class,newspaper reading group and so on.And the spare-time education for the peasants had finally created a complete pattern,which had greatly contributed to the country’s economic construction and development.Looking back on the spare-time education for peasants led by the Communist Party of China from 1949 to 1956,it had achieved good results.On the one hand,it helped peasants to establish a sense of ownership in time,and improved farmers’ cultural level and political accomplishment through centralized or decentralized teaching;On the other hand,it promoted the completion of various central tasks and met the needs of national economic and cultural construction and development.Throughout the first seven years,the organization and mobilization of the spare-time education for the peasants,the formation of teachers,the mobilization of the masses,and the settlement of funds all showed the Marxist view of the masses.Then we can absorb wisdom from it to provide more excellent service for farmers’ education in the new era. |
