| Since ancient times,the son of Heaven has made a pilgrimage.Qing emperors often went out to visit places.Among these activities,east Shengjing is the most special.Northeast China is the birthplace of Manchu and the base camp before the qing Dynasty,which plays an important role in the history of the Qing Dynasty.Shengjing,as the longxing land and capital of the Qing Dynasty,not only played the role of a deputy capital after entering the Central Plains,but also maintained the political center of the ruling inside and outside the Pass.The eastern tour of Shengjing was also the longest tour involving the most emperors in the Qing Dynasty.After entering the Central Plains,the rulers of the Qing Dynasty still cared about their ancestral property.Since emperor Shunzhi,they had put forward the idea of visiting shengjing in the east and paying homage to their ancestral tombs.However,due to the uncertainty of the world and people’s livelihood at that time,they had to temporarily stop.During the Qing dynasty,kangxi emperor,Qianlong Emperor,Jiaqing Emperor and Daoguang Emperor visited Shengjing in the east ten times.Although this was to visit the mausoleum in Shengjing,it played a certain positive role in visiting the local area,strengthening the military,rewarding the farmers for reclamation,checking the officials and calming the people,resisting foreign invasion and pacifying the minorities.The two Emperors of Jiaqing made three rounds in the east.Emperor Jiaqing went to Shengjing to comfort and bless his ancestors after the rebellion of Bailianjiao.Then in the middle of emperor Jiaqing’s reign,internal affairs were weak,social unrest,frequent uprisings,financial crisis,but in order to rebuild the majesty of the Qing dynasty’s rule,continue the ancient system of east tour shengjing,encourage the children of the eight banners,Emperor Jiaqing overcame numerous obstacles,held the second east tour.Emperor Daoguang also inherited the ancestral system.After putting down the Rebellion of Zhangge,he went to Shengjing to pay respects to the ancestral tombs.This was emperor Qing’s last tour to the east and was cut short.Jiadao during the second emperor in east tour,tour the people’s livelihood,reward contributor,bureaucracy have cosied up to north Korea,won the praise of the people and officials,especially in the face of official during the period of east tour neglects his duties,the same shift,corruption and other issues,both the emperor get-tough,embodies the Confucian governing idea of "benevolent governance" of rule of virtue.Facing the end of the "prosperous era",Emperor Jiadao ii still spent a lot of money and insisted on three rounds of eastern tour of Shengjing,which was closely related to the political program of "respecting heaven and Fazu" and emperor Jiadao ii’s thought of "maintaining success".Although the second Emperor of Jia Dao rectified the officials and favored the people during the eastern tour,the eastern tour of Shengjing cost a lot of money and labor,and the gains and losses of the eastern tour can not be summed up in a word.Compared with the eastern patrol in shengjing during kangqian’s heyday,the eastern patrol in Jiadao period was obviously different from the eastern patrol in terms of time,route,scale and function.This was also the result of intensified contradictions in jiadao period,such as corruption of local governments,lack of Treasury,neglect of armaments and widespread internal turmoil.If the "East Tour" is placed in the historical development of the Qing dynasty,it will undoubtedly profoundly reflect the historical picture of the Qing dynasty from prosperity to decline from one side. |
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