| Since the 1970s,populist parties have emerged in many European countries,such as the British Independence Party and the Brexit Party,the French Alliance Party,the German Alternative Party,and the Liberal Party in Austria.Paul Taggart called it a neo-populist party or a radical right-wing populist party.The Brexit referendum on June 23,2016 ended with the victory of the Brexitists.Brexit is also regarded as a typical populist event.Although there are many factors behind Brexit,the right-wing populist party in Britain has undoubtedly played an important role in promoting it.However,there are not many research results on this issue at present.Therefore,this article considers how the British right-wing populist parties promote Brexit and the reasons why the British right-wing populist parties can have a significant impact on Brexit are the research questions of this article.This article first sorts out the existing research results.These research results focus on the connotation and origin of populism,the characteristics of populist parties,the analysis of the causes of Brexit,and the role of right-wing populist parties in Brexit.Second,it distinguishes between left-wing populism and right-wing populism.What the two have in common is affirming the status of the people,pursuing direct democracy,and dividing the enemy from ourselves.The difference lies in the understanding of the view of the people and the value ranking of the relationship between freedom and equality.On this basis,further examine the characteristics of right-wing populist parties to define the right-wing populist parties.The characteristics of right-wing populist parties can be summarized into two:a view of the people based on cultural identity and national identity,and a conservative political proposition that emphasizes internal and external opposition.By examining the characteristics of right-wing populist parties,we can define the British Independence Party and the Brexit Party(now renamed the Reform Party)as right-wing populist parties.Then introduced the main right-wing populist parties in the UK,including the British National Party,the Referendum Party,etc.,and gave a detailed introduction to the British Independence Party and the Brexit Party.After discussing the characteristics of the right-wing populist parties and the British right-wing populist parties,this article takes the Brexit referendum as the starting point and briefly introduces the process and results of Brexit.Then introduced the basic political propositions of right-wing populist parties on the issue of Brexit,including three aspects:politically requesting withdrawal from the European Union and anti-immigration;economically requesting to untie the EU;requesting to leave the EU to protect citizens’enjoyment Social Welfare.Finally,this article introduces the role of right-wing populist parties in the process of Brexit and the reasons why right-wing populist parties can have an impact on Brexit.This article believes that the right-wing populist party’s role in promoting Brexit is reflected in four aspects.On the one hand,the Independence Party has integrated its anti-EU and anti-immigration demands,making Brexit an important political issue;on the other hand,since neither the Independence Party nor the Brexit Party has obtained a majority in parliament,the two parties have more It is to create political pressure to infiltrate its own policies into mainstream political parties;in addition,the Independence Party and the Brexit Party use exaggerated political propaganda to spread panic to the public and mobilize the public’s Brexit sentiment.Finally,the Brexit party has been monitoring the government to complete negotiations as soon as possible after the referendum,so that the UK will completely withdraw from the EU.Different from the Independent Party’s active mobilization to bring Brexit into the political agenda,the Brexit Party is more like a semi-retired opponent,but silently urges the British government to focus on completing Britain’s complete departure from the European Union as soon as possible.After introducing the role of right-wing populist parties in promoting Brexit,this article discusses the reasons why right-wing populist parties can play a role in Brexit from four aspects.First,economic globalization has deepened social divisions and produced so-called abandoned voters.Right-wing populist parties have captured this group,and this group has also become a staunch supporter of Brexit.Second,the ineffectiveness of mainstream parties to deal with crises has reduced the people’s political trust in mainstream parties.Coupled with the problem of insufficient public opinion in the single constituency system implemented in the United Kingdom,it has provided political opportunities for right-wing populist parties.Third,right-wing populist parties have used the British Euro-skepticism tradition.When Euro-skepticism meets the Brexit referendum,it quickly transformed into irrational populism,amplifying the people’s Euro-skepticism,and benefiting right-wing populist parties in Play a role in Brexit.Fourth,the right-wing populist parties used modern media to effectively and widely publicize their Brexit proposals,which affected the public’s attitudes towards Brexit. |
