| At present,the trend of population aging in our country is deepening,especially in rural areas,which is much higher than that in urban areas,and more prominent.However,the massive outflow of rural labor,the transformation of family structure,the unbalanced economic development,and the lack of traditional filial piety have made rural pension contradictions more prominent.Especially in remote areas that have just completed the task of poverty alleviation,the current situation of pensions is even more worrying.The present situation of supporting the aged population in rural areas is worrying.Yajiang County is located on the edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau,in the southeast of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province.It is an important part of the Tibet related areas in Sichuan Province.It is also one of the areas where poverty alleviation policy was first implemented but poverty was last lifted out in China.The region is characterized by poor natural conditions,fragile ecological environment,lagging economic development and multiethnic settlements.The local elderly farmers and herdsmen have insufficient self-supply capacity,weak family supply,weak social supply,and deep multi-dimensional poverty.The problems of providing for the aged farmers and herdsmen in this region are superimposed with multiple concepts such as ethnic group,region,old age and poverty.The difficulties of providing for the aged have both generality and particularity.What causes them to fall into pension dilemma? In the context of the new era,how to solve the pension dilemma of the elderly farmers and herdsmen in Yajiang County,these problems need to be further discussed.The problem of old-age farmers and herdsmen in this region superimposed many concepts,such as ethnic group,region,old age,and poverty.So,what are the difficulties faced by the elderly farmers and herdsmen in the process of providing for the aged in Yajiang County?What causes it to fall into the plight of the elderly? Under the background of the new era,how to solve the plight of the elderly farmers and herdsmen in Yajiang County needs further discussion.In the theoretical analysis level,the article analysis framework is constructed to the needs theory and vulnerability theory.It is considered that the pension is a complex system project,which is deeply influenced by the internal security and external environment factors of the pension system.The pension dilemma of the elderly farmers and herdsmen in Yajiang County is deeply affected and restricted by multiple dilemmas,such as economic dilemma,medical dilemma,residential dilemma,care dilemma and so on.On the empirical analysis level,on the one hand,this paper summarizes and analyzes the concrete manifestation and causes of the old-age plight of the elderly farmers and herdsmen in Yajiang County.On the other hand,combining with the relevant data of questionnaire,the paper uses the original dimension from two dimensions: internal family security factors and external social environment factors of the elderly farmers and herdsmen to empirically analyzes the influencing factors of the oldage plight of the elderly farmers and herdsmen,by using the Ordinal Logistics regression model.Through analysis,this paper draws the following conclusions:(1)The current situation of elderly farmers and herdsmen’s pension life is not optimistic.They are mainly facing with the following problems: difficulty and high cost of medical treatment;lack of self-supporting ability in economy,limited support ability of children,limited relief of economic pressure by social security;poor natural conditions in living conditions,single diet structure,poor housing environment for the elderly,difficult electricity consumption,poor information;insufficient self-care in daily care,limited family care and lack of social care.(2)There are obvious particularities in the pension dilemma of the elderly farmers and herdsmen in Yajiang County.Affected by the special environment and context,the elderly farmers and herdsmen who can’t use Chinese in Yajiang County face greater pension dilemma.At the same time,the farther away from the county,the worse the effect of elderly farmers and herdsmen enjoying the coverage of public services.Affected by the special climate and lifestyle,the elderly farmers and herdsmen have a greater risk of plateau chronic diseases and endemic diseases,which have a greater impact on the quality of life for the aged.Affected by economic development and their own reserves,it is less likely for the elderly farmers and herdsmen to change or completely break out of the pension dilemma by their own efforts.(3)The superposition of internal family security and external social environment has a serious impact on the degree of pension dilemma of the elderly farmers and herdsmen in Yajiang County.The elderly farmers and herdsmen with small family size and poor intergenerational relationship have a high degree of pension dilemma.The elderly farmers and herdsmen who are far away from the county,with low evaluation of medical insurance and low frequency of neighborhood mutual assistance have a high degree of pension dilemma.The level of local endowment insurance is relatively low,and endowment insurance funds as a result have a greater role in helping elderly farmers and herdsmen with poor living conditions.The higher the evaluation of endowment insurance reflects that the elderly farmers and herdsmen are facing a more serious pension dilemma.Therefore,the degree of endowment insurance evaluation is high,and the degree of endowment dilemma of the elderly farmers and herdsmen is high.Based on the above analysis,in order to solve the pension dilemma of the elderly farmers and herdsmen in Yajiang County,we should not only improve the medical security level and pension treatment level of the elderly farmers and herdsmen,improve the pension insurance system,but also improve the living environment of the elderly farmers and herdsmen,and strengthen the daily care security of the elderly farmers and herdsmen. |
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