| Marx’s theory of division of labor occupies an important position in its theoretical system,which is rich in content and profound in connotation.Different from the understanding of previous theorists,Marx not only criticizes the value of capitalist division of labor from the height of philosophy,but also empirically analyzes capitalist division of labor from the logic of real life.Thus truly reveals the capitalist division of labor hidden behind the "social facts".Obviously,Marx opposed not only the former economists unconditionally justify the existence of division of labor,but also the former utopians blindly regard division of labor as a negative and improper existence.In order to accurately grasp Marx’s theory of division of labor,we need to use dialectical logical thinking and firm historical materialism to grasp the true meaning of his theory from the practical activities of material production.Therefore,we try to follow this path to explore.First of all,this paper introduces the origin of Marx’s division of labor theory.The paradox of division of labor in capitalist society has attracted Marx’s attention,the existence of division of labor,on the one hand,the free liberation of people laid the material and technical foundation,on the other hand,it has caused the one-sided and abnormal development of human beings.At the same time,in the cognition of division of labor,the former theorists have made extensive exploration of division of labor and achieved certain results,but they have not really revealed the law of the development of division of labor itself.Only Marx,on the basis of criticizing and inheriting the previous theories,makes a systematic and in-depth analysis of the division of labor.Secondly,this paper expounds the reflection and analysis of the division of labor in capitalist society in Marx’s theory of division of labor.The existence of division of labor in capitalist society has become a favorable tool for the bourgeoisie to steal the labor time of others,seize the achievements of others,pursue the surplus value of capital and maintain its own rule.People’s existence and spiritual life under the bondage of division of labor increasingly lose the value of internal transcendence and go to nothingness.Based on the perspective of historical materialism and from the practical activities of material production,Marx made a comprehensive investigation on the division of labor in capitalist society,revealing the hidden hierarchical order and unequal distribution relationship behind the capitalist division of labor.Thus,a series of negative effects of social division of labor directly refer to the capitalist system itself.Finally,this paper explains the deconstruction and transcendence of capitalist spontaneous division of labor in Marx’s theory of division of labor,and the practical enlightenment to the development of contemporary Chinese division of labor.Marx’s theory of division of labor is based on the actual production practice to explore the future direction of the development of capitalist division of labor,and specifically investigate how the division of labor meets the nature of human survival and development,and finally realize the free and all-round development of human beings.There is no doubt that Marx’s theory of division of labor has important contemporary value for the development of Chinese division of labor at present.We should not only prevent the subordination of capitalist spontaneous division of labor dominated by capital logic,but also eliminate the fixed and mandatory characteristics of the existing division of labor system. |
