Research On Human Liberation Thought In The Manuscript Of Economics And Philosophy In 1844

Human liberation is the goal that Marx pursued all his life.In different historical stages and works,Marx’s emancipating thought has both commonality and some differences.During the German-French Almanac period,he first discussed the"liberation of man" and completed the old path of human liberation in the period of the Paris manuscript:to realize the return of human nature,that is,the liberation of man,by eliminating alienation labor and abandoning private property.During the formation of materialism,Marx established a new path of human liberation,and in the period of political economy research,because of the discovery of residual value theory,socialism became science,Marx also completely completed the new path of human liberation-economic movement and proletariat revolution.In The Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844,Marx first discussed a series of capitalist economic movements,such as wages,capital profits and ground rent,and their results,that is,the persistent poverty of workers,the formation of private property and the division of the two classes.Secondly,Marx deeply discussed the nature of alienation of labor and human beings,pointing out that private property leads to the alienation of human labor,and labor alienation makes private property accumulate further.Under the private property system,the workers’ labor achievements are occupied by the capitalists,and the workers lose their essence in the alienation labor.Thirdly,Marx expounded how it is possible to liberate man,that is,to eliminate alienation labor and realize the return of human nature.In Marx’s view,the loss of human nature is due to labor alienation,labor alienation is the cause of the existence of private property,so the return of human nature to resort to the active abandonment of private property,and the process of active abandonment is the communist movement.Marx described the three historical processes of communism in his manuscript,arguing that only the realization of true communism would mean the real realization of human liberation.Finally,Marx discusses the result of human liberation,that is,the true possession of human nature,the unity of humanitarianism and naturalism,and the unity of natural science and human science.Marx’s path of human liberation in The Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844,from the theoretical logic,the first is to preset a "human nature",that is,the essence of human beings is free and conscious labor,but under the conditions of capitalist economic movement,workers’ labor is "real labor",rather than free and conscious labor,workers’ labor results are occupied by capitalists,resulting in workers trapped in poverty,while capitalists’ private property is accumulating.At this point,the worker loses his essence,and the worker’s labor becomes alienated labor.If workers want to be liberated,they must abandon private property,eliminate alienated labor and return to the essence of human beings,so as to achieve liberation.The terms "human nature","alienated labor" and "return of human nature" are idealistic in nature.However,Marx started from the basic economic facts of capitalism and tried to realize the liberation of man by abandoning private property.Therefore,the theoretical nature of Marx’s emancipating thought in the manuscript is dual and complex.