Research On The Influence Of Intelligent Production On Employment Of China’s Manufacturing

At present,the world is in the fourth scientific and technological revolution led by artificial intelligence.The deep application of machine deep learning and intelligent equipment will bring great changes to human production and lifestyle,and human society will enter a new era.Countries all over the world have formulated artificial intelligence development strategies,and strive to grasp the development opportunities of this wave of science and technology.China has raised the development of artificial intelligence to a national strategy,and intelligent manufacturing has become an important player in China’s manufacturing industry to realize industrial transformation and upgrading.However,in the era of artificial intelligence,intelligent robots have a significant substitution effect on human beings not only in physical strength but also in intelligence,which has aroused social concerns about the widespread application of intelligent machines.So,what is the employment impact mechanism of a manufacturing sector that absorbs a large amount of labor under the impact of new technologies represented by artificial intelligence?What impact does intelligent production have on manufacturing employment? Is this effect the same for different manufacturing segments? Is the impact of intelligent production on different skilled labor different? Will this effect differ in different regions?In view of the above problems,this article conducts research.First,starting from the "machine problem" and compensation theory,Marxist economic theory,skill-complementary hypothesis,and technological innovation theory,the effects of technological progress on employment are sorted out,and the impact mechanism of intelligent production on employment is further summarized.Intelligent production affects employment through substitution effects and creation effects."Machine substitution" crowds out labor and reduces employment,while "man-machine cooperation" attracts labor and expands employment.In addition,intelligent production is a technological advance with skills bias.It will adjust the structure of employment skills by increasing the demand for skilled labor and reducing the demand for unskilled labor.These provide a solid theoretical basis for the empirical analysis of the impact of intelligent production on manufacturing employment.Secondly,from the perspective of technological evolution,comb the historical empirical evidence of the impact of the four industrial revolutions on employment;and based on the actual situation,analyze the current status of intelligent production development and manufacturing employment in China.Finally,use the panel data of the manufacturing industry from 2003 to 2017 to empirically analyze the impact of intelligent production on the total employment of the manufacturing industry,and use the provincial panel data of the manufacturing industry from 2003 to 2017 to empirically analyze the impact of intelligent production on manufacturing skilled labor.The impact of employment with unskilled labor.The main research conclusions are: First,the current intelligent production in China has a substitution effect on the total employment in the manufacturing industry,but this substitution effect is still small in the sample period.With the development and promotion of artificial intelligence technology,this substitution is foreseeable Second,the impact of intelligent production on different manufacturing industries is different.Third,intelligent production has a substitution effect on unskilled labor and a complementary effect on skilled labor,which is conducive to improving the employment skills structure;Fourth,intelligent production leads to the above-mentioned substitution and complementary effects,showing regional differences.The eastern region’s intelligent production has a stronger substitution effect on unskilled labor,and the central and western regions’ intelligent production has a stronger complementary effect on skilled labor.