Research On The Optimization Of Rural Primary School Land Layout Based On Spatial Equity

According to the 13 th five year plan for the development of national education,it is required to promote the equalization of basic public education services,improve the coverage of basic public education services,and make up for the regional imbalance.As an important public education service facility,the optimization of the spatial layout of rural primary schools has been widely concerned by the academic community and government agencies.However,the existing research on educational layout only focuses on the distribution of facilities and services to the demand points,neglecting the real problem of the obvious deviation between rural primary schools and residential areas,not based on the transportation cost of rural primary school students,and divorced from the principle of nearby enrollment,in order to promote In order to make regional education fair,we should fully understand the spatial distribution of basic education resources,effectively allocate and optimize basic education resources,and promote the allocation of education resources balanced.Taking Huangping County as an example,this paper establishes the data set of rural primary school spatial layout in Huangping county with the actual road traffic network,and constructs the spatial layout analysis system of rural primary school in Huangping county with the method of accessibility.Using arcgis10.2 software and other data processing platforms,using network analysis method,Gaussian based2-step floating catchment area method,Tyson polygon analysis method,inverse distance weight spatial interpolation and other methods,this paper quantitatively analyzes the spatial layout status of Huangping rural primary school in terms of service area,school service ability,school service ability accessibility and so on.Finally,aiming at Huangping rural primary school To solve the problems existing in the academic layout,the paper puts forward the corresponding spatial optimization model and policy suggestions.The results show that:(1)through the combination of Gaussian based 2-step floating catchment area method and network analysis,the school service areas are constructed with different thresholds.It is found that with the increase of thresholds,the overlap of service areas in some areas is serious,but most areas in the northwest are not covered by service areas;at the same time,the service ability of rural primary schools is weakened,but the accessibility of the overall school service ability is declining.(2)From the perspective of spatial differentiation,the primary schools in the central and southeast regions are relatively concentrated,while those in the northwest are relatively sparse.The areas with more rural primary schools are positively correlated with the spatial distribution of rural primary schools.The overall service capacity of rural primary schools shows a decreasing trend from east to West.The accessibility of school service capacity in each township basically shows a decreasing trend from the central region as the core to the surrounding areas of the township The sub region is in the state of low accessibility.(3)The school service area is demarcated by the optimal threshold of 2km,and the phenomenon of waste and insufficient supply of rural primary school service capacity is found;the number of rural residential areas and rural primary school students corresponding to the accessibility classification,and the number of rural residential areas are decreasing;more than 93% of rural primary school students are in low and low accessible areas,and the overall rural primary school service capacity and school service capacity of the county are found The accessibility is poor,and the difference between administrative villages is large.Finally,according to the problems of the area of land per student,the spatial distribution of resources and the larger service radius of rural primary schools in Huangping County,based on the principles of spatial equalization,resource sharing,rationality and feasibility,this paper puts forward optimization and integration,reservation and adjustment,and new site selection in terms of spatial layout methods;in terms of policy recommendations,it puts forward hierarchical positioning to optimize the structure of rural primary schools We should guide the reasonable migration and distribution of rural population,build joint construction with other rural public facilities,and strengthen the opening and sharing of regional educational facilities,so as to promote the spatial equity of rural primary schools.