Research On The Influence Of Institutional Backgrounds And Network Embeddedness On The Scope And Speed Of University Technology Transfer

As one of the main bodies of technological innovation,universities play an important role in building an innovative country in China.At present,how to expand the scope of university technology transfer and increase the speed of university technology transfer are two important issues that need to be solved urgently in the commercialization of university technological achievements.The decision-making process and driving mechanism of the scope and speed of university technology transfer have yet to be studied.The university institutional backgrounds and the R&D cooperation network embeddedness are beneficial to reduce the transaction cost of university technology transfer,and thus have an impact on the scope and speed of university technology transfer,but the relevant impact mechanism has not been investigated by the academic community.Aiming at the driving mechanism of the scope and speed of university technology transfer,this thesis integrates the transaction cost theory,new institutionalism and social network theory,and builds a conceptual model of university institutional backgrounds and university network embeddedness that affect university technology transfer scope and speed.First,this thesis theoretically clarifies the direct mechanism of the university institutional backgrounds(including the central-local attributes and the university industrial background)on the scope and speed of university technology transfer.Then,it theoretically elucidates the direct effect mechanism of university network embeddedness(including university network centrality and structural holes)on the scope and speed of university technology transfer.Finally,it clarifies the indirect triggering role and moderating role played by the university institutional backgrounds in the process of university technology transfer,so as to systematically reveal the impact of university institutional background and university network embeddedness on the scope and speed of university technology transfer and put forward corresponding research hypotheses.On this basis,this paper uses the data of Chinese university-enterprise patent(application)right transaction from 2001-2015 to empirically test the research hypothesis.The empirical results show that: first,the university institutional backgrounds have a significant positive effect on the scope and speed of university technology transfer.The Chinese universities under the control of the central government and with industrial background have wider scope and faster speed of technology transfer.Second,the higher the centrality of the university in the industry-university-research cooperation network,the wider the scope of university technology transfer,but the speed of technology transfer has not been significantly accelerated.The more structural holes the university occupies in the network,the wider the scope of university technology transfer and the faster the speed of university technology transfer.Third,the university institutional backgrounds play a triggering role in technology transfer,that is,central-governed universities and industry-backed universities are more inclined to embed the industry-university-research cooperation network,thereby promoting the scope and speed of technology transfer.Finally,the university institutional backgrounds play a negative moderating role in the relationship between network embeddedness and the scope and speed of university technology transfer.When the university is a central-governed university,the positive relationship between the network structure hole and the speed of university technology transfer will be weakened;when the university is an industry-backed university,the positive relationship between the network centrality and the speed of university technology transfer will be weakened,and the positive relationship between the network structure hole and the scope and speed of university technology transfer will be weakened.By exploring the relationship between university institutional backgrounds,university network embeddedness,and the scope and speed of university technology transfer,this thesis has important implications for revealing the decision-making process and driving mechanism of university technology transfer,and provides certain reference value for the Chinese government to promote the design of university technology transfer policy.