Research On The Impact Of Human Capital Investment On Urban-Rural Income Gap In China

For a long time,the issue of income distribution has been a social issue that has received much attention in the development of a country,because the equality of income distribution not only affects the healthy and sustainable development of the economy,but also affects the people’s livelihood.In 2017,the term "high-quality development" first appeared in the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.In October 2020,the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19 th Central Committee of the Party pointed out that "China has turned to the stage of high-quality development." What does it mean? Present Xi once said that high-quality development does not only mean economic requirements,but a general requirement for all aspects of economic and social development.In our country,with the rapid economic growth in the past 40 years of reform and opening up,many social problems have gradually become prominent.The problem of unbalanced development in our country is still prominent.The uneven distribution of urban and rural income is also a very prominent problem,which seriously affects the well-being of the people.At the same time,the requirements for human development are also an important aspect of high-quality development.Realizing the overall development of human beings is the ultimate goal of development.When it comes to human development,the concept of human capital is naturally thought of.This paper analyzes the problem of income distribution in urban and rural areas from the perspective of human capital,provides countermeasures and suggestions to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas from the perspective of human capital investment,and promotes the rationalization of income distribution.This paper starts from the perspective of human capital,based on the two main bodies of urban and rural residents and the government,and the three dimensions of education,health,and labor migration,to conduct empirical research regarding the impact of human capital investment on the urban-rural income gap in China.The existence of urban-rural dual economy has led to the emergence of urban-rural dual human capital investment,this dual urban-rural investment will lead to income gap.This article first introduces the topic background,relevant theoretical basis and literature review of the thesis,then analyzes the mechanism of human capital investment on the urban-rural income gap,and then analyzes the current status of human capital investment and the current status of the urban-rural income gap from both urban and rural households and the government.The panel data of 28 provinces and cities in China from 2010 to 2019 are used to establish a fixed-effect model to study the impact of human capital investment on urban-rural income gap based on the three aspects of human capital investment in urban and rural households and the government’s three An empirical.The results show that the greater the difference between urban and rural residents ’ investment in education,health,and labor mobility,the greater the urban-rural income gap.The increase in expenditures on transportation and communications has the effect of narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas,while the increase in expenditures on education has a significant positive effect on the distribution of urban and rural income.Finally,conclusions and countermeasures are drawn based on the results of empirical analysis,theoretical and status quo research,in order to improve the stock and quality of human capital,while reducing the income gap between urban and rural areas,and then truly achieve high-quality development of economics,and boost the realization of common prosperity of all people.