Research On The Construction Of World-class Universities In India

After India’s independence in 1947,the development of higher education was highly valued.The first Indian Institute of Technology was established in the 1950s,and a number of branch schools were successively established as the country’s key universities for construction.In 1966,the Kotari Committee issued the "Education and National Development Report",proposing to select 5-6 universities for construction in accordance with the standards of world-class universities.After the 1990s,with the development of the knowledge-based economy and society,the importance of higher education has increased day by day,and the world university rankings have been launched one after another.Building a world-class university has become the common pursuit of all countries.In the 1990s,India successively introduced a series of policies and measures to accelerate the pace of building world-class universities.From the "Ninth Five-Year Plan",the "Outstanding Potential University Program" was proposed,and the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" proposed the establishment of 14 world-class universities.The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" continues to implement the "Excellent Potential University Program".At this stage,the overall process of building India into a world-class university is accelerating.After entering the 21st century,India pays more attention to the construction of world-class universities,and has successively launched three plans,namely the"Innovative Research University Act","Innovative University Program",and "Excellent University Program",showing the importance of establishing a world-class university as soon as possible.Expectations and determination.India has also achieved certain results in building a world-class university.In terms of university governance,exploring the formation of a new pattern of pluralistic co-governance not only realizes that the law is the key link and protects the autonomy of world-class universities,but also ensures that plural subjects participate in university autonomy,and internal autonomy is not controlled by the government.At the same time,the level of internationalization of world-class universities in India is developing in depth.International courses have been added to cultivate students’ international vision,scientific research cooperation projects have increased,and the flow of international students has been frequent.The scientific research strength of the schools selected in the "Excellent Potential University" has made great progress,and the number of papers published and patent applications have increased.The status of Indian universities in the world university rankings has also improved,and significant progress has been made in exploring the domestic ranking mechanism independently.Although India has achieved some results in the construction of world-class universities,due to various reasons,the progress has not been as good as that of its competitor,China.At present,there are several difficulties in the construction of first-class universities in India.First of all,the emphasis is on planning rather than implementation.Many plans have been introduced,but the implementation of the plans is not in place and the supervision is not in place.Secondly,the lack of funding also restricts the construction of first-class universities in India,and the funding gap is large.Finally,the quality of the teaching staff is poor,the number of excellent teachers is small,and the overall level of teachers is low.In the future,India can strengthen the implementation and supervision of plans,strengthen the promulgation of supporting policies,highlight performance orientation,establish incentive and restraint mechanisms,and dynamically adjust policy support.Empower universities to develop independently,and give them autonomy in running schools,organizations,finances,personnel,and academics.Raise funds from multiple sources,improve the social donation mechanism,enhance the university’s "hematopoietic capacity",and improve the ability to transform scientific research results.In the future,we should actively formulate teacher introduction policies.Colleges and universities should introduce preferential policies for senior teachers to enter India,increase material and financial support for teachers coming to India to teach,meet the spiritual needs of teachers,and keep excellent teachers in India.