Regional Differences In The Urbanization Of Agricultural Transfer Population In Xinjiang

With the continuous advancement of new urbanization in China,the urbanization of agricultural transfer population has become a research hotspot.The uncoordinated urban-rural dual system,land urbanization and population urbanization,and huge transfer costs are all important reasons for hindering citizenization.The cost of citizenization and the cost-sharing mechanism of citizenization are the key to solving the process of citizenization.In recent years,Xinjiang has implemented a differentiated settlement policy based on local economic and social development levels and basic public service capabilities.It will gradually realize the comprehensive liberalization of restrictions on the establishment of towns and small cities,orderly release restrictions on the settlement of medium-sized cities,and reasonably determine the conditions for settlement in large cities.Orderly promote compulsory education,employment services,social security,housing security and other urban basic public services covering all permanent residents.Based on this background,this paper studies the regional differences of the urbanization of the agricultural transfer population in Xinjiang from the perspectives of rural-to-urban population size,urbanization cost estimation,and citizenization cost sharing differentiation mechanism,and proposes to promote the urbanization of Xinjiang’s agricultural transfer population.Differentiation policy recommendations.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In 2017,the population of agricultural transfer in Xinjiang was about 3.38 million,of which the rural population in Xinjiang was about 1.38 million,and the agricultural population from various provinces and regions was about 2 million.The settlement rate is affected by the population base and the level of local economic development.It shows a high regional difference between the economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the counties and cities with a large population base in southern Xinjiang.(2)The cost of urbanization of agricultural transfer population mainly includes living cost,housing cost,social security cost,land opportunity cost,infrastructure construction cost and education and training cost.It is estimated that the total per capita citizenization cost in Xinjiang is 173,600 yuan,of which housing and Infrastructure costs are the main cost.Due to the level of social and economic development,the cost of citizenization in the northern Xinjiang region is relatively high,and the cost in the southern region is relatively low.Regional differences indifferent cost types are also significant.The areas with high cost of living are concentrated in the northern Xinjiang,eastern Xinjiang and Bazhou areas in southern Xinjiang,among which Urumqi and Karamay are higher,and the cost of living in southern Xinjiang is lower;the areas with higher housing costs are distributed in In northern Xinjiang,the low cost of housing is in Turkmenistan and the Kezhou and Aksu regions in southern Xinjiang;Karamay has the highest social security costs,followed by social security costs in Urumqi,Yili,Hami,Aksu and Hotan areas,and the Kezhou and Tacheng areas.The areas with high land opportunity cost are mainly distributed in areas with high economic crop yields,the lower ones are Hetian,Kashi and Kezhou;the areas with high infrastructure costs are mainly distributed in northern Xinjiang and Hami in eastern Xinjiang.In the region,the areas with low infrastructure costs are mainly in the southern Xinjiang region and Karamay in northern Xinjiang;the higher education and training costs are lower in Karamay and Kezhou,Yili,Turpan,Aksu and Hotan areas.(3)The cost of citizenization is structured by a ternary sharing mechanism,in which the government is divided into a central government and a local government.Individuals need to share the cost of living,land opportunity costs and some housing costs,social security costs;the government must share part of the housing costs,social security costs and infrastructure construction costs;enterprises must share the cost of education and training and some social security costs.Cost sharing should adopt different ways of sharing according to regional differences to ensure the smooth progress of citizenization.For areas with high private development costs,the ratio of government and enterprises can be increased;economic strength is weak,and areas with low levels of urbanization can increase the share of central government to ensure the sustainability of government sharing;Areas with strong economic strength can increase the proportion of enterprises to share and reduce local fiscal pressure to ensure the orderly advancement of citizenization.(4)Promote the urbanization of agricultural transfer population According to different types,adopt differentiated policies.The regional policy of large-scale agricultural transfer population and high private cost is to accelerate the pilot project of county-level reform and town reform,and increase the income of agricultural transfer households;the key work of promoting urbanization in areas with large agricultural transfer population and high social cost is Accelerate the pilot project of reforming cities and towns,reforming cities and towns,reforming the urban housing security system,building a social security system for urban and rural exchanges,andimproving the sharing system for urban welfare institutions.Focusing on the promotion of citizenization in areas with large rural areas and private and low social costs The work is to speed up the pilot project of reforming the city and reforming the city;the key task of promoting citizenization in areas with small rural areas and high private development costs is to increase central government support and increase the income of agricultural transfer households;The key task of promoting citizenization in areas with small scale and high social development costs is to raise the level of industrialization and increase support from the central government.Reform urban housing security system,build urban and rural social security system,and improve urban welfare organization sharing system;Central government support.