A Study On The Impact Of Air Transport On International Human Capital Inflow

Economic globalization drives the globalization of factor allocation,and knowledge economy highlights the value of human capital.The fifth shock wave driven by air transportation makes the global flow of international human capital a routine phenomenon.It is an inevitable choice for regions and even countries to seek sustainable development in the 21 st century to obtain advanced human capital from the global market.The core of the strategy is "rejuvenating the country with talents".Under the guidance of this strategy,the attraction of domestic regions to international human capital is manifested in attracting overseas talents to China for employment and entrepreneurship with open talent policies,and striving to build an international talent gathering highland.In the international human capital competition behind the war,we need to take into account that human capital is a special kind of capital,the same as capital is profit-driven.The difference is that human capital also attaches great importance to non-monetary gains.Maslow’s Hierarchical Needs Theory has proved that the carrier of human capital,namely talents,will consider their own multi-level needs when making regional decisions,such as the spiritual pursuit of belonging and love,respect and self-realization.With global accessibility of air transport for international talent constantly provide may achieve a higher level of demand,air transport to reduce the viscosity of international talent position,cause to global flow of international talent to aviation hub city agglomeration network convergence,this kind of group carries on the human capital also corresponding to the global configuration,And along the air transport network in the network intersection point that is the network hub position stay and gather.Then in the actual production and life,can air transport significantly affect the inflow of international human capital? Is there a lag effect? If so,how to influence the flow of talents by satisfying their multi-level needs? This is obviously an urgent question to be answered when the aviation network hub cities formulate more effective talent competition strategies.Based on the panel data of 31 provinces and cities in China from 2006 to 2015 and the production data of 209 airports,this paper explores the influence mechanism of air transport on international human capital inflow,i.e.international talent inflow,from the perspective of talent migration and flow.According to the different types of talents,human capital is divided into academic human capital and professional human capital.Static and dynamic panels were used to examine the total effect of air transport on academic and professional human capital respectively.On this basis,the chain mediating effect model is further used to study the effect path of air transportation on academic human capital inflow and professional human capital inflow,and the similarities and differences between the two are analyzed accordingly.Based on the empirical results,relevant policy suggestions are put forward to provide new ideas on how to attract international human capital and develop relevant international talent competition strategies in air transport hub regions.Some world-famous aviation hub cities,such as Amsterdam,Frankfurt and Singapore,all regard improving the function of airport gathering high-level elements as an important idea for future development by promoting the development of air transport.The results of the study on the impact of air transport on international human capital inflow show that:(1)Air transport has a significant promoting effect on regional introduction of international human capital,connecting regional international human capital demand market and international human capital supply market.(2)The location choice of international human capital in the early stage will affect the location choice of the current period,and the inflow of international human capital has inertia effect(lag effect).(3)Modernized industrial development and regional image optimization have a positive mediating effect on the impact of air transport on international human capital.Both of them are important mechanisms for air transport to effectively promote international human capital inflow,which will further amplify the impact of air transport on international human capital attraction.And the mediating effect of air transport through the development channels of modern industry is more obvious.(4)Relatively,air transport is more attractive to professional human capital,but academic human capital is more affected by the mediating effect between the development of modern industry and the improvement of regional image.Academic human capital pays more attention to the development of local modern industries and the overall regional image of the place.Professional human capital relies more on the direct convenience of air transport.Relevant regions should base on their regional advantages as aviation network hub nodes,formulate more targeted strategies for international talent competition,and enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of cities by deeply embedding in the global value chain and innovation chain.