Study On The Change Of Professional Role Orientation Of American Preschool Teachers After World War Ⅱ

The positioning of the professional role of kindergarten teachers is a high degree of condensation of the professional connotation of kindergarten teachers,which always guides the professional behavior of kindergarten teachers.Exploring the changing course of the professional role orientation of kindergarten teachers can not only understand the logic and trend of the career development of kindergarten teachers,but also provide us with a diversified perspective on the profession of early childhood teachers.The study makes comprehensive use of literature research method,historical research method and comparative research method to organize,analyze and summarize the pre-school education policy and professional standards of kindergarten teachers formulated by the U.S.federal government and authoritative pre-school educational institutions,to sort out the changing course of the professional role orientation of American kindergarten teachers after World War II,to see its essential characteristics in the process of change,and finally to combine the reality of our country,to provide some enlightenment for the professional role orientation of kindergarten teachers in Our country.The specific content of this study is divided into four parts:The introduction includes the question,the definition of concept,the literature review,the significance of the study and the research method.The first part is the change course of the professional role orientation of American kindergarten teachers after World War II,taking the chronological order as the vertical axis,and the change of the concept connotation of the professional role of early childhood teachers in educational policy and professional standards as the horizontal axis,and combing the change course of the professional role positioning of American kindergarten teachers after World War II into four stages: the first stage is 1,945-1,969,the single orientation of the professional role of kindergarten teachers,the federal government attaches great importance to the training of social service teachers,has two meanings,that is,kindergarten teachers become knowledge communicators and community service providers;The second stage is1,970-1,980,the initial standardization of the professional role orientation of kindergarten teachers,that is,the Children’s Education Association began to certify the ability role and multicultural role of early childhood teachers,and positioned the professional role of early childhood teachers as assistants for child development and understanding of multiculturalism;The third stage is 1,981-2,000 years,the federal government,in conjunction with the National Association for the Development of Early Childhood Education,is responsible for the professional orientation of the professional role of kindergarten teachers,injecting the spirit of reflection and multiculturalism into the professional role of kindergarten teachers,and positioning the professional role of kindergarten teachers as reflective practitioners and cultural responders;Phase IV is 2,001-To date,the professional role of early childhood teachers has been diversified,i.e.the Federal Government has integrated and re-developed the professional role of early childhood teachers through professional standards such as the Junior and Advanced Professional Preparation Standards for Early Childhood Teachers and the Professional Standards for Excellent Early Childhood Teachers,and has positioned the professional role of early childhood teachers as professionals,supporters and leaders.The second part is the characteristic of the change of the professional role orientation of American kindergarten teachers,which presents three changing characteristics: that is,the role value orientation shows the gradual coupling of tool rationality and value rationality;The third part summarizes the enlightenment of the professional role orientation of our kindergarten teachers.Firstly,pay attention to the unity of the professional role of kindergarten teachers and internalize self-worth;secondly,enrich the connotation of the professional role of kindergarten teachers;and finally,strengthen the guidance of the professional and autonomous role of kindergarten teachers.