Characteristics Of Energy Metabolism In High Intensity Interval Training Of Upper And Lower Limbs

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of energy metabolism in high-intensity Interval Training(HIIT)of upper and lower limbs.Research Methods: A total of 36 athletes in Shanghai University of Physical Education were randomly divided into three groups: upper extremity and lower extremity HIIT intervention courses and blank control for 12 times,3 times a week for 4 weeks,respectively.The single intervention course lasted for 60 minutes,and the ratio of preparation,main body and stretching and relaxation time was 2:3:1.The main body consists of HIIT training cycle of 8 movements,each movement in 20 s,interval in 10 s,time consuming in 230 s,interval in 3min between groups,and repetition in 3 groups. Before and after the intervention,the HIIT test of upper and lower limbs power bicycle was carried out.All the patients were wearing gas metabolizers and exercised at full strength for 20 s with an intermittent time of 10 s.Six groups of exhaustive tests lasting170 s were conducted continuously.Collect and collate the center rate of the intervention course,as well as the heart rate,blood lactic acid,RPE and energy metabolism data in the test;The energy metabolism data were calculated and analyzed by using the rapid part of excess oxygen consumption after exercise,the accumulation of blood lactic acid and the accumulation of oxygen intake during exercise,to explore the change characteristics of energy metabolism of upper and lower limbs HIIT.Results :(1)After HIIT intervention,the maximum heart rate of the upper limb group was 5.80±13.44 beats /min higher than that before the intervention,and the time in the anaerobic and above heart rate range was about 39.52 s longer than that before the intervention.The maximum heart rate of the lower extremity group increased by 6.75±7.63 times /min compared with before intervention,and the heart rate of the anaerobic group and above increased by 39.95 s.In the lower extremity group,the maximum heart rate,the time of anaerobic threshold and above the interval increased most significantly.(2)After HIIT intervention,the maximum serum lactic acid value of upper limbs and lower limbs group increased by 4.11±2.21mol/L and 4.12±1.77mmol/L,respectively,compared with that before intervention.There were significant differences between the two groups before and after intervention(P < 0.01).In the HIIT test of the upper limb,the net blood lactic acid and the maximum blood lactic acid value of the upper limb and lower limb groups had a very significant time * group interaction effect with the control group(P < 0.01),and the upper limb and lower limb groups also had a very significant time * group interaction effect(P < 0.01).In addition,in the HIIT test of lower extremity,the interaction effect of the maximum blood lactate and net blood lactate values of the two experimental groups with the time * group of the control group was very significant(P < 0.01),and the interaction effect of time * group was very significant between the lower extremity group and the upper extremity group(P< 0.01).After HIIT intervention,lactic acid production and tolerance were positively promoted.(3)RPE values of the upper limb group and the lower limb group were between 17-18 after intervention,and there was no significant difference before and after intervention.The improvement of the two experimental groups before and after intervention was about 0.5±0.71,0.41±1.13,0.42±0.68,0.67±0.98,respectively.(4)Before and after intervention,there were significant differences in cumulative oxygen uptake and rapid oxygen uptake(P< 0.05).In the upper limb HIIT test,the rapid partial oxygen uptake of the two experimental groups had a significant interaction effect compared with the control group(P < 0.05).The cumulative oxygen uptake and fast partial oxygen uptake of the two experimental groups had interaction effects with the control group(P < 0.05),and the fast partial oxygen uptake of the upper extremity group had interaction effects with the lower extremity group(P < 0.05).(5)The HIIT test of upper and lower limbs was mainly based on aerobic oxidation,supplemented by glycolysis and prophosphate.After intervention,the energy supply methods were basically unchanged.In the upper limb group,the improvement of the three energy supply systems was 43.23±29.47 KJ,15.30±8.22 KJ and 15.43±12.86 KJ,respectively.The improvement of the three energy supply systems in the lower limb group was 41.03±26.40 k J,17.25±9.93 k J and17.88±8.89 k J,respectively.There were significant differences in glycolysis,aerobic oxidation,prophosphate and total energy supply between the upper and lower limb groups before and after HIIT intervention(P < 0.01).Moreover,after the intervention of upper limb HIIT,compared with the control group,glycolysis,aerobic oxidation,prophosphate and total energy supply in the upper limb group had very significant interaction effects(P < 0.01).Compared with lower limb group,glycolysis and aerobic oxidation energy supply had significant interaction effects(P<0.05).Prophosphate energy supply in lower limb group had significant interaction effect with control group(P < 0.05).After HIIT intervention in the lower extremities,compared with the control group,energy metabolism in the lower extremities group had a very significant interaction effect(P < 0.01),and glycolysis had a significant difference compared with the upper extremities group(P < 0.05).Conclusion :(1)After HIIT intervention,the athletic ability of the athletes was significantly improved,which was manifested as the maximum heart rate and the time in the anaerobic threshold and above interval were increased to varying degrees in the experimental group,and the heart rate mobilization and limit heart rate maintenance time were significantly increased.(2)Blood lactic acid indexes of the two experimental groups were also improved to different degrees,and HIIT intervention of upper and lower limbs significantly improved athletes’ lactic acid tolerance.(3)The significant improvement of cumulative oxygen uptake and rapid partial oxygen uptake after intervention indicates that 4-week HIIT can improve the aerobic capacity of athletes.(4)The upper limb HIIT energy metabolism was dominated by aerobic energy supply,followed by prophosphate,and the least by glycolysis.The lower limb HIIT energy metabolism was dominated by aerobic energy supply,followed by glycolysis,and the least by prophosphate.Both upper and lower limb HIIT can significantly increase glycolysis,aerobic oxidation,prophosphate and total energy supply.