| Objective:The purpose of this study is to understand the training load intensity and sports ability of young trampoline athletes,find out the advantages and disadvantages of Trampoline Athletes’ training andphysical conditions at this stage,and find out the causes of the problems.Methods: Ten young trampoline athletes aged 10-13 with normal cardiac function in Jiangsu Province were selected,including 5 males and 5 females.Using polar team heart rate meter to collect 4 weeks’ exercise heart rate data,using FMS,anthropometric ruler,height and weight tester and other equipment to collect its functional movement,body shape and other aspects of data,through the methods of literature,testing,observation,mathematical statistics and logical analysis,this paper analyzes the sports load and sports ability of Jiangsu trampoline team young athletes.Result:(1)In terms of maximum heart rate,the average age of adolescent trampoline athletes was 12.4 years for males and 12.6 years for females.The theoretical maximum heart rate was 199.3 beats /min for men and199.2 beats /min for women.The minimum mean values of the maximum heart rate in training sessions were 168.2 beats /min for men and 163.8 beats /min for women,reaching 84.4% and 82.2% respectively,both of which belonged to the level of high intensity exercise.(2)In terms of effective time,the average effective training duration of trampoline athletes in 4 weeks was 4147 min,and the total training duration was4883 min,accounting for 84.9% of the total training duration.From the perspective of heart rate zones,the total duration of Z1-Z5 zones accounted for 27.3%,34.7%,21.6%,11.6% and 4.9% of the duration of effective exercise training,respectively.In terms of dates,the effective training duration from Monday to Saturday accounted for 87.5%,90%,88%,83.1%,75.5% and 86.1% of the total effective training duration,respectively,and Friday accounted for the least.(3)In terms of exercise impulse,the mean TRIMP from Monday to Friday accounted for 19.31%,22%,16.61%,14.43%,14.12% and 13.52% of the week’s TRIMP,respectively,with the highest proportion on Tuesday and the lowest on Saturday.According to the distribution characteristics of TRIMP values in the heart rate region,it was mainly concentrated in Z2 region and Z3 region,accounting for 30.02% and 27.5% of the total TRIMP,respectively,and Z5 region accounted for the lowest proportion,which was 10.75%.(4)In terms of subjective fatigue degree,the weekly training load and load intensity showed a trend of first increasing,then decreasing and then increasing.Overall,10 trampoline athletes suffered small load variations during weeks 1 and 2.(5)In terms of body shape,except for the lower limb length index and other body shape conditions,all of them were at a low level,with a grade score of 2 for men and 3 for women.(6)In terms of athletic quality,the average score of 3,000-meter endurance race for male and female was 5.8 and 4 respectively;The average score of abdominal muscle endurance was 6.6 and 7.6,respectively.Full marks for dorsal muscle endurance;The average vertical jump length of trampoline was 39.17 s and 38.89 s,respectively.Sitting body flexion score was 0.2;The average scores of 30 meters sprint were 7 points and6.2 points respectively.The average results of 30 s in situ back somersomersflips were 23 times and 20 times respectively.The average score of vertical and vertical jump was 7.2 and 7.8 respectively.(7)In the aspect of functional movement screening,the overall score of the whole team was 14.7,which was above the average level.In the four tests that needed to be carried out on left and right,5 people had different scores on right and left,among which 3 people had one score and 2 people had two scores.Half of the players on the team had left and right functional imbalance,but it was not serious.Conclusion:(1)In terms of sports load,there are high-intensity training in the training class of junior athletes of Jiangsu trampoline team.The overall training intensity of the training class mainly fluctuates in the range of 60-69% HRmax,which belongs to the stage of medium intensity training,physical fitness maintenance and strength enhancement.The training time of 80-89% HRmax and 90-100% HRmax is the shortest,which is relatively insufficient for the development of cardiopulmonary ability in trampoline competition(2)In terms of sports ability,the junior athletes of Jiangsu trampoline team have better explosive strength of lower limbs,endurance of abdominal muscles and endurance of dorsal muscles,better strength ratio of abdominal muscles to dorsal muscles,better strength of upper limbs,active flexibility of back muscles of lower limbs,active flexibility of hip flexion and anti rotation stability of contralateral support.However,the dorsiflexion ability of ankle open motion chain,the coordination of hip and knee flexion,and the balance of asymmetric movements are relatively weak. |
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