The Relationship Between Parenting Style,Empathy And Prosocial Behavior In Children With Developmental Disorders

Parenting style,empathy and prosocial behavior all have significant effects on children.Studies in general groups have shown that individuals’ prosocial behaviors are affected by their parenting styles,and empathy can also promote the generation of prosocial behaviors.However,relevant studies on groups with developmental disorders such as autism and intellectual disability have not yet reached a conclusion.This study took autism and intellectual disability as the research objects,to explore the influence of demographic variables(gender,one-child,age,disorder type,parents’ education level,family monthly income)on the two types of developmental disorders,and to explore the relationship among parenting style,children’s empathic ability and prosocial behavior;At the same time,the interview survey method was used to understand the status quo and deep relationship among the parenting style,empathy and prosocial behavior of children with developmental disorders.Study I selected 569 parents with autism and intellectual disability from 3 to 18 to participate in this investigation based on the principle of random sampling.They voluntarily and truly filled in the demographic information table,parenting style scale,empathy scale and prosocial behavior scale.This study conducted descriptive statistics,difference analysis and mediating effect analysis on the collected data successively,and the results showed that:(1)The families of children with autism and intellectual disability tended to prefer democratic parenting style,followed by authoritarian parenting style,inconsistent parenting style,and laissee parenting style,respectively.The most frequently used parenting style was pampering parenting style.The empathic ability and prosocial behavior of children with autism and intellectual disability were at the middle or below the middle level;(2)Parenting styles of children with developmental disorders are significantly different in gender,singleness,age,disorder category,education level of parents and monthly family income.There are significant differences in empathy ability in different degrees in gender,single child,age,disorder type,household registration type,parents’ education level and family monthly income;Prosocial behavior has significant differences in gender,singleton,age,disorder category,parents’ education level and family monthly income;(3)The empathy level,doting style and democracy parenting style of children with developmental disabilities have significant predictive effects on children’s prosocial behavior;(4)Children’s empathy played a partial mediating role in the relationship between indulgent parenting style and children’s prosocial behavior,and a partial mediating role in the relationship between democratic parenting style and children’s prosocial behavior;In the second study,8 parents of autistic and intellectually handicapped children were selected from the survey subjects for interviews,and the interview structure coding and matrix analysis were conducted.The results showed that the parenting style of children with developmental disorders was affected by the parents’ mentality,the parents’ knowledge,the children’s future development plan,the social acceptance degree and other factors.The empathic ability of children with developmental disorder is affected by many factors,such as age,gender,cognitive ability,emotional ability,interpersonal communication ability,family environment,and related education.The prosocial behavior of children with developmental disorder will be affected by their own factors,family factors,school factors,social factors and many environmental factors.Based on the above results,in order to better promote the development of children’s prosocial behaviors,parents or teachers of children with developmental disorders should do the following:(1)Respect differences in age and ability,and cultivate children’s good behaviors reasonably;(2)Parents need to play an exemplary role in promoting children’s understanding of emotions;(3)adopt positive parenting style to create a good family emotional environment for children;4)attach importance to the role of peers and actively create opportunities for children to make friends;(5)Pay attention to life situation education and strengthen empathy.