Statistical Analysis On The Measurement And Influencing Factors On The Equalization Of The Benefit Incidence Of Public Education Expenditure In China

As an important factor to promote the progress of social science and technology and economic development,education is valued by the government and the people.The 19 th National Congress of CPC put forward that we should give priority to the development of education so that every child can enjoy a fair and quality education.With the improvement of living standards,the people’s demand for public education resources is also significantly increased.In the face of the unequal distribution of educational resources among different income classes and between urban and rural areas in China,public education expenditure is an important part of educational resources.It is of great significance to study the equalization degree of its benefit incidence to solve the problem of educational equity.In this paper,we investigate the b-enefit incidence of the public education expenditure of all income groups in urban and rural areas,use the index to analyze the degree of equalization of benefits and build indicators to analyze its influencing factors,and finally give relevant suggestions for the conclusions.This paper uses the data of China Statistical Yearbook and China education funds statistical yearbook and the income class classification standard.In terms of research methods,first of all,the measurement of the benefit incidence is mainly based on the extended linear expenditure（ELES）model,Friedrich equation,Maital utility function and Allen ＆M.C.Mcguire ’s allocation principle of public expenditure.The specific steps are as follows: first,we use the extended linear expenditure（ELES）model to calculate the income elasticity of demand and self-price elasticity in the Frisch equation,so as to obtain the monetary elasticity,and then bring it into the Maital utility function.Finally,according to the Allen ＆M.C.Mcguire’s allocation principle,we can calculate the benefit incidence of public education expenditure of urban and rural residents of all income classes;secondly,the measurement of equalization of public education expenditure is based on two inequality indexes: Theil index and Atkinson index.Finally,the analysis of the influencing factors of equalization of public education expenditure benefits is carried out by constructing five indicators: financial support,interest groups,urbanization and marketization.By measuring the amount of public education expenditure of urban and rural residents of all income groups,we find that there is a "leader’s rule" in the distribution of public education expenditure,that is,the high-income group benefits more from public education service expenditure than the low-income group;by measuring the inequality index of public education expenditure,we find that China’s public education expenditure has a positive effect,the benefits of rural residents tend to be equal,and the equality in rural areas is higher.Finally,by researching the factors,we can found :financial support,interest groups,urbanization and marketization have different effects on the equalization of urban and rural public education expenditure.