Action Research On Sexual Self-protection Education Of Senior Students In Mentally Retarded Schools Based On Picture Book Teaching

In recent years,children’s sexual abuse cases have emerged one after another,which has aroused the attention of all walks of life.Compared with normal children,children with intellectual disabilities face a higher risk of sexual abuse due to their lack of sexual knowledge,lack of rational thinking guidance,long-term dependence on caregivers,obedience and weak language expression ability.Therefore,it is particularly important to carry out timely and appropriate sexual self-protection education for students with intellectual disabilities and improve their awareness of sexual self-protection.This study follows the path of action research.Before the research,it investigates the current situation of sexual self-protection education for senior students in L mentally retarded school,and finds that students lack sexual self-protection knowledge and sexual self-protection skills.The main reasons are that schools do not pay enough attention to sexual self-protection education,the professionalism of teachers’ sexual self-protection education is not strong,and parents lack a scientific attitude towards sexual self-protection education.In order to ensure the scientificity and rationality of action,this paper further makes a theoretical analysis of sexual self-protection education,and clarifies the significance and objectives of sexual self-protection education.Then,through the analysis of implementation methods,it makes clear the applicability of picture book teaching to students with intellectual disabilities.Based on the content analysis,it provides a basis for the selection of picture books.On this basis,13 mentally retarded students in the seventh grade class of L mentally retarded school were selected as the research object,and a four month teaching practice was carried out around sexual self-protection education.Through questionnaires,interviews and situational tests,the pre-test was conducted on the sexual self-protection ability of the research object.Combined with the test results and the physical and mental development characteristics of the research object,the five teaching themes of "source of life","differences between men and women","understanding private parts","physical autonomy" and "self-protection skills" were determined.Ten picture books are selected to explore the implementation of sexual self-protection education for senior students in mentally retarded schools through five major cycles and ten small cycles in the "plan-action-observation-Reflection-new plan-action again".Finally,through the post-test,analyze the action effect and draw the research conclusion.The results show that the sexual self-protection education based on picture books can effectively improve the "physiological cognitive level","unsafe contact discrimination ability","sexual safety awareness" and "sexual safety self-protection skills" of mentally retarded senior students.Among them,the self-protection skills in the three situations of "taking off clothes","kissing" and "touching private parts" are significantly improved.At the same time,it is found that there are the following problems in the implementation of sexual self-protection education for students with intellectual disabilities based on picture books:（1）the logical system of knowledge is incomplete;（2）The focus of teaching process is inclined to the content of picture books;（3）It is difficult to generalize and extend skills without picture book situation.Based on this,the following improvement strategies are proposed:（1）select picture books according to the objectives of sexual self-protection education and students’ needs;（2）Clarify the main line of self-protection education and carry out various forms of teaching activities step by step relying on picture books;（3）Mobilize the strength of family education,create multiple situations and improve students’ self-protection ability.