Research On The Renewal Design Of Thatched Rural Dwellings

In the traditional agricultural society with low productivity,the ancient people built the thatched vernacular dwellings to shelter from the wind and rain and avoid the disasters of animals and birds.In a broad sense,thatched vernacular dwellings are constructed with natural thatch,reeds,straw,wheat straw,longgrass,eelgrass,palm leaves and other materials to cover the roof or walls,and are widely used in Asia,Africa,Europe and other places.As a composite landscape architecture system with highly unified economic system,ecological system and cultural system,these buildings with distinctive features not only reflect the human and geographical characteristics of different regions,record the attempts and efforts of ancestors to transform the nature,but also confirm the rise and fall of the country and the vicissitudes of life.However,with the rapid development of modern construction technology,this kind of rural cultural landscape with ecological wisdom is facing a huge impact.First of all,this traditional architectural language is being paid less and less attention around the world,and local architectural techniques such as thatch are often associated with "backwardness".Second,"red roof" and "blue roof" buildings,made of steel,cement and glass,have replaced more environmentally friendly,more contextualized,thatched vernacular dwellings with high-quality,but less vernacular ones.Third,compared with conventional brick and stone materials,thatch indigenous materials are renewable resources,but there is a big gap in physical properties,service life,construction technology and other aspects,with obvious corrosion resistance,low water resistance,low fastness and other shortcomings.In particular,in early 2021,a fire in Weng Ding Village engulfed 101 Wa thatched rural dwellings within two hours,which made the society realize the vulnerability of this material once again.Fourthly,the thatch produced every year around the world is burned on the spot because it cannot be used in a timely and effective way,which aggravates the pollution of the ecological environment.In view of the above problems,combined with the rural revitalization strategy and the development needs of rural tourism in China in recent years,through the review of relevant research at home and abroad,this paper attempts to discuss the contemporary conservation methods and technologies related to the transformation of rural dwellings,the protection of traditional settlements and the restoration design in China.Taking the sea grass house of xiaoxicun,a "hollow village" in rongcheng,shandong province,as an example,this paper aims to explore a strategy for revitalizing,regenerating and renewing the design of thatch folk dwellings.The research framework of this thesis mainly includes two parts: overall analysis and update design:The first part is the overall analysis and summary.First of all,according to the research background and the current research status of the updating design of thatch rural residential houses,local homestay and local residential houses at home and abroad,the research and practice progress of the updating design of thatch rural residential houses in China are analyzed.Second,in the process of renewal design of common connection mode of new and old buildings(rigid connection and flexible connection,separation processing),connection strategy(direct connection-indifference,affinity,contrast,connecting link-others,groove,links,underground)were analyzed,such as summed up for thatched kind of renewal design points of the vernacular dwellings.Thirdly,this thesis studies three renewal modes in the design of rural home stay,namely,"new to old","old to old",and "old to new",and summarizes them with typical case analysis.Finally,by studying the thatched class local materials in the world within the scope of the living condition of use and practice experience,the value of local materials,based on the thatched classes parsing thatched class rural residential construction process and the ecological wisdom,and thatched materials with bamboo,rammed earth,stone,clay brick,light steel materials commonly used materials such as connection strategy and way.The second part takes the renovation project of the sea grass house in Xiaoxicun as an example to study the renovation design strategy of the thatch type local dwellings.First of all,the development background of Xiaoxi Village was analyzed and its current situation was investigated based on literature,and the overall consideration was carried out according to the design requirements of "Rural B&B District with Sea Grass House as its main body".Secondly,by evaluating the construction quality of sea grass houses,the scope of protection,repair,reconstruction and demolition was determined,and applicable indigenous materials and corresponding connection strategies and modes were selected to provide alternatives for subsequent incremental space design.Thirdly,through the overall environment and building monomer renewal design of Xiaoxi Village,the new and old connection strategies and ways among the foundation,structure,roof and wall are studied.Finally,simulation software such as Swell and Ecotect were used to analyze the enthalpy and humidity chart,temperature,wind direction,wind frequency,humidity,sunshine and other climates of Xiaoxi Village as a whole.Based on the results,the ventilation,noise,heat preservation,heat insulation,fire prevention and other properties of the sea grass house were further improved and optimized.