Research On Optimizing Qingdao's Maritime Business Environment In The Context Of The Construction Of The Pilot Free Trade Zone

Business environment is very important to the economic development of a country or region.International competition is the competition of business environment to a large extent.China(Shandong)pilot free trade zone was established on August 30,2019.Qingdao area focuses on the development of modern marine economy.It is committed to building an international shipping hub in Northeast Asia and creating a first-class international business environment.As one of the main port departments,the maritime department is duty bound to create a good business environment for port and shipping enterprises.Based on the theory of new public management,this paper selects the representative port and shipping enterprises in Qingdao as the research samples,uses the in-depth interview method to investigate and analyze the research samples,summarizes the problems of enterprises' centralized response,finds out the reasons for the poor maritime business environment in Qingdao,learns from the advanced experience of domestic and foreign maritime management institutions,and puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions.This paper is divided into four parts: the first part introduces the theoretical basis and related concepts applied in this paper,including the relevant practices and development of the pilot Free Trade Zone,the basic concept and evaluation index of business environment,the concept and significance of maritime business environment,the reference significance of new public management theory and new public management theory for optimizing business environment.The new public management theory holds that the government should reposition its social role,reduce the direct intervention in enterprises,and as a qualified manager,build a perfect business environment by doing a good job in public management.The second part introduces the basic situation of the jurisdiction of Qingdao MSA and the main methods of optimizing the business environment of Qingdao MSA.Through in-depth interviews with the representatives of relevant enterprises,it summarizes and analyzes the three problems existing in the business environment of Qingdao MSA: the overall efficiency of customs clearance and the level of government services are not high,the maritime management functions are not fully clarified,and the terminal supporting service equipment is not perfect,And find out and analyze the seven reasons of the imperfect maritime business environment evaluation mechanism and the low level of international trade facilitation.The third part introduces the advanced experience of domestic and foreign maritime departments in optimizing business environment.In the fourth part,according to the problems existing in the maritime business environment of Qingdao and the reasons analyzed,four countermeasures and suggestions are put forward,including improving the maritime business environment evaluation mechanism,improving the maritime service level,improving the maritime security system and establishing the functional maritime supervision mode.Referring to the world bank's business environment evaluation index system and the business environment index system of port and shipping enterprises,this paper explores the establishment of "maritime business environment evaluation index system".The establishment of marine business environment assessment index system is of great significance to improve the marine business environment assessment mechanism.Improving the level of international shipping trade facilitation,establishing the green policy of pilot free trade zone and improving the maritime security system can attract more foreign enterprises to register and invest in Qingdao.The implementation of remote ship supervision,credit supervision and other functions of maritime supervision mode can optimize the maritime business environment and ensure the maritime supervision work.