Study On The Effect Of Ex-situ Introduction And Cultivation Of Fritillaria Fritillarya On Its Yield And Quality

Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.,a kind of plant,which is belong to Fritillaria,Liliaceae,is native to Xiangshan County,Zhejiang Province.Its bulb has the effects of clearing away heat,detoxifying and eliminating carbuncle,etc.,and it is one of“Eight Famous Herbal Drugs in Zhejiang Province”.In recent years,the wild resources of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.have gradually been scarce,while the market demand for it has increased.In order to meet the market demand,artificial cultivation of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.is increasing,but there is still a lack of systematic guidance.This study aims to provide references for scientific fertilization,standardized and systematic cultivation and quality and safety of medicinal materials for the introduction and cultivation of bulbs of it.In this experiment,bulbs of Fritillaria fritillary from four different provenances in Pan'an County,Zhejiang Province,Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province,Nantong City,Jiangsu Province,and Fengjie County,Chongqing City were used as provenances.And the bulbs were planded in Wanzhou County,Chongqing City.There were also 3 different kands of row spacing,including10 cm×25 cm(RS1),15 cm×25 cm(RS2),20 cm×25 cm(RS3),25cm×25 cm(RS4)and 3 different kands of Seed-stems grading,including?80 Pcs/kg(level 1,SSG1),81?120 Pcs/kg(Level 2,SSG2),121?160 Pcs/kg(Level 3,SSG3).Studying the leaf physiology and biochemistry of Fritillaria fritillary(Peroxidase,catalase,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,soluble sugar and soluble protein content),the effective amount of nutrient elements in the rhizosphere soil(N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Zn,Fe,Mn,Cu and Mo)and bulb yield and quality provide references for standardized,systematic,high-yield and efficient cultivation of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq..The results are as follows:(1)No matter where the provenance of Fritillaria is,proper dense planting is conducive to nutrient absorption;and proper small bulbs absorb nutrients faster.In it's vegetative groth period,among the effective amounts of nutrient elements in the rhizosphere soil,the content of macronutrients N,P,K and the medium elements Ca and Mg are higher;when in it's reproductive groth period,the measured trace elements in the rhizosphere soil,the effective elements amount of Zn,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Mo increased,and the effective elements amount of the Provenance from Zhejiang Province was relatively higher.(2)For the production of alkaloids,under different plant row spacing cultivation,there are:Ningbo provenance RS2 group>Nantong provenance RS4 group>Nantong provenance RS1 group>Pan'an provenance RS4 group>Fengjie provenance RS2 group>Fengjie provenance RS4 group,The RS2 group of Ningbo Provenance is the dominant group in alkaloid production in the introduction and cultivation of Fritillaria thunbergia Miq.with different plant spacing.Under different Seed-stems grading,Fengjie provenance SSG3 group>Ningbo provenance SSG3 group>Nantong provenance SSG2>Nantong provenance SSG3>Pan'an provenance SSG2>Pan'an provenance SSG3.On the whole,bulbs of Fritillaria from Zhejiang provenance have better quality,and bulbs with relatively smaller bulbs have better quality.(3)Among the effects of different row spacing on the bulb biomass of Fritillaria Zheiensis,the biomass content is compared as Pan'an RS1 group>Fengjie RS4>Nantong RS4>Ningbo RS2 group;the fresh weight of RS1 group of Pan'an provenance is 42.2325 g·plant^-1,with a dry weight of 11.6147 g·plant^-1,a dry weight reduction rate of27.50%,a fresh weight increase of 31.1617 g·plant^-1,a fresh weight increase of 2.81%,a dry weight of 8.6673 g·plant^-1,and a dry weight increase of yield 2.94%.For different seed stem sizes,the biomass content of Fengjie provenance SSG3 group>Ningbo provenance SSG3 group>Panan provenance SSG2 group>Nantong provenance SSG3group,the fresh weight of Fengjie provenance SSG3 group is 42.9501 g/plant,The dry weight is 10.9240 g·plant^-1,the dry weight reduction rate is 25.43%,the fresh weight increase yield is 28.5241 g·plant^-1,the fresh weight increase yield rate is 1.98%,the dry weight increase yield rate is 6.7811 g·plant^-1,and the dry weight increase yield rate is1.64%.The conclusions of this study indicate that in the introduction and cultivation of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.,the bulbs's gradeing,row spacing and Seed-stems grading of different provenances have an impact on the yield and quality of Fritillaria.Choose smaller bulbs and seasonable dense planting according to its provenance can achieve high-yield and efficient planting.And under the same conditions,the quality of the smaller bulbs is relatively better.It is suitable to increase the nutrient application of macronutrient elements and medium nutrient elements in it's vegetative groth period,that can increase its output;and in it's reproductive groth period,it is suitable to increase its application of the micronutrient elements to improve its quality.