The Diachronic Evolution And Practical Significance Of The Word "gold" In The Missionary Dictionary

In the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,the missionaries came to China,and the new achievements of western science and culture were also introduced to China.In the process of spreading western learning to the east,Chinese and western civilizations exchanged and collided.The introduction of new concepts and words from western culture into Chinese system has promoted the transformation of Chinese.From the 19th century to the 20th century,a large number of new words and new meanings appeared in Chinese,and dictionaries compiled by missionaries represented by Morrison became a bridge of cultural communication between China and the West,and played an important role in the transitional period.First of all,as a language learning tool,missionary dictionaries are designed to help missionaries learn Chinese to achieve missionary purpose.In the special historical period,missionary dictionaries can reflect the transformation process of ancient and modern Chinese.Second,missionaries dictionaries is the missionaries to stand in the Angle of the second language learners to learn Chinese,as a second language learners to learn Chinese has its own special laws and policies,by studying the missionaries dictionaries,summarize and absorb Chinese learning strategy of the missionaries,outside help Chinese dictionaries compilation and Chinese international education work.The word "gold"has distinctive Chinese cultural characteristics.As one of the"five elements" of philosophical thought,it has penetrated into all aspects of people's ideological life.In the transformation process of ancient and modern Chinese,it has been gradually endowed with a new scientific and technological color,and has become one of the chemical elements.The word "gold" is composed of words related to wealth,character and will.It is often used by people to express good wishes.It is also widely included in missionary dictionaries.The purpose of this paper is to explore the development and evolution of the word "gold" and its word-formation in missionary dictionaries in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,so as to sort out the context of missionary dictionaries and understand the characteristics of the transformation process of ancient and modern Chinese.In addition,by analyzing the characteristics of the compilation of missionaries' dictionaries and the strategies of Chinese learning,this paper hopes to provide reference and inspiration for the compilation of foreign dictionaries today.Through the analysis of the meaning of the word "gold",this paper explores the role of missionary dictionaries in the late qing dynasty and the republic of China in inheriting the old meaning,adding new content to the old meaning and inducting the new meaning.Through the analysis of the inclusion of "gold" word-formation words,this paper probes into the laws of Chinese folk customs words included in missionary dictionaries:some words that are not common and fade out of people's sight with the development of language are rarely included in missionary dictionaries,and then gradually disappear in modern Chinese system;With the development of language and the exchange and collision between eastern and western cultures,the content of word-formation has changed greatly.In terms of interpretive strategies,this paper summarizes and studies the missionaries' ways of memorizing Chinese words in context by means of "bringing meaning to meaning" and "bringing meaning to meaning to sentence".Finally,through the description of missionary dictionaries influence the retrieval way and interpretation of Chinese dictionaries;To influence the included meanings and the inheritance,interpretation strategy,cultural content,word construction information of the TCSL dictionaries,and to clarify the meaning and value of the missionary dictionaries.The missionary dictionaries of the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China promoted the communication between Chinese and Western civilization,filled the gap between the early Chinese dictionaries and the modern Chinese dictionaries,and played an important role in the transformation of Chinese from ancient to modern.This paper aims to explore the deepening process of missionaries'understanding of "gold" from the microscopic point of view.From the perspective of foreign language,this paper studies the Chinese learning of missionaries as second language learners,and draws from the experience,so as to inspire the compilation of Chinese-foreign dictionaries,promote the international education of Chinese,and enrich the research in this field.