Research On "more/less" Asymmetric Teaching For Chinese Language Learners In Russian-speaking Countries

Although " ? " and " ? " have opposite meanings,as the morphemes,they have asymmetry in morphology and word count;as a pair of antonyms,they have asymmetry at the syntactic level.This feature has become a difficult point for Chinese learners.For Chinese learners from Russian-speaking countries,the difficult of the “?/?”learning process is the asymmetric usage of antonyms,especially the asymmetry of adverbial and complement components.In addition,the complexity and polysemy of antonyms networks of adjectives lead to difficult to understand.Therefore,this research is based on Chinese learners from Russian-speaking countries,uses related theories of "symmetry and asymmetry" to explain the asymmetry between “?”and “?”in lexical and syntactic level.At the same time,it focuses on the impact of national characteristics and negative transfer of mother tongue on Chinese learners in Russian-speaking countries,through the analysis of the teaching material and questionnaire survey,found imperfections in the teaching,to provide the reference for the teaching.This research is divided into five parts.The introduction part introduces the reason of the topic selection,finds the imperfections of the existing research,and makes this research more clear about the problems.This paper summarizes the main content,methods and corpus resources used in this research.The first chapter through a large amount of corpus examples describes the asymmetric phenomenon “?/?”from lexical and syntactic levels,analyze and explaine it.At lexical level,the asymmetry is manifested as asymmetric word form and meaning,asymmetric word form and asymmetric meaning.At syntactic level,the asymmetry is manifested in in the structure of the collocation of adjectives and different parts of speech.In syntactic level,there is also symmetric structure and asymmetric meaning,asymmetric structure and meaning.Antonyms can be used in the same construction,it depends on the context and the meaning of “ ? / ? ”.This chapter also discusses the symmetry and asymmetry of "?????/????" in Russian,and describes them.The second chapter conducts a questionnaire survey on the “ ? / ? ” asymmetry learning of Chinese learners in Russian-speaking countries.The survey found that the students had a poor command of the “?/?”words,especially the words that formed the opposite relationship.Although the questionnaire survey took commonly used words as examples,students made mistakes in fill-in-the-blanks test and judging questions.The final question reflects students' understanding of the “?/?”asymmetry.The main reasons for the use error are the difference between Russian and Chinese languages and its influence,the difficulty of adjectives intself,and the lack of teaching for the asymmetry of antonyms.The third chapter takes the classic textbook Developing Chinese,which has been widely used in the field of Chinese teaching for many years in the researcher's school,as an example to investigate the teaching content arrangement and practice design related to the “?/?”asymmetry problem.The research found that the annotation of the meaning and usage of "more/less" is not comprehensive,and rarely even involves the extended meaning of antonyms,the annotation is simple.In terms of the asymmetric usage of antonyms,there is no explanation in the textbook,and there is no exercise of“?”in the textbook,not found the usage of asymmetry.The fourth chapter is based on the above survey and research of “?/?”asymmetric problem for Chinese learners in Russian-speaking countries teaching thingking.In the teaching,the author puts forward four attaches great importance to the context,in pairs,meanings,Russian and Chinese contrast teaching advice,in terms of teaching writing,the author thinks that,to add more variety of topic of practice,for example changing sentences and completing dialogues,so that students can make sentences according to the context of the example sentences.For the asymmetrical use of antonyms,provide more exercises such as judgment questions and filling in the blanks,so that students can distinguish the similarities and differences between“?”and“?”.The aim of this research is to show the“?/?”asymmetry through a large amount of linguistic data,analyze and explain it from the theoretical level.Through the questionnaire survey,the author summarized the“?/?”asymmetry problem usage errors for Chinese learners from Russian speaking countries,and explored the causes.Through the investigation of the relevant content in the textbook,we found the insufficiency;Finally,from two aspects of textbook compilation and classroom teaching,this paper puts forward some suggestions to help improve the learning effect of “?/?” asymmetry problems for Chinese learners in Russian-speaking countries.