The Phenomenon Of Different Tone And Rhyme In Gaoyi Dialect Of Hebei

Gaoyi County is located in the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain and in the south-central part of Hebei Province.There is a phenomenon that finals change with the tone in Gaoyi dialect.Taking this phenomenon as a clue,based on the investigation of 81 villages,this paper analyzes the characteristics of finals and tones.There are five chapters in the full text.The main conclusions are as follows:The manifestation of this spacial phenomenon:1.In terms of listening sense,there is the phenomenon that finals change with the tone in the western region.A-type final is formed in Yinping阴平tone,Shangsheng上声tone and Rusheng入声tone,with a higher tongue position.B-type final is formed in Yangping阳平tone and Qusheng去声tone,with a lower tongue position.The spacial phenomenon mainly occurs between middle-high and middle-low vowels,and there is no this phenomenon in the eastern region.2.The results of acoustic experiments show that the average value of F₁of the main vowels of A-type final is generally smaller than that of B-type final.The differences between the main vowels of A-type final and B-type final in western regions are far greater than those in eastern regions,and the differences between middle vowels are far greater than those of high vowels and low vowels.Corresponding relationship between tone characteristics and the phenomenon:1.The regions where there is the phenomenon basically have Rusheng入声tone.2.Words with vowels of[i][u][y][（?）][（?）][（?）][a][ia][ua]have no the phenomenon,and they are read Yangping阳平tone more in the old dialect.3.The longer tone corresponds to A-type final,while the shorter tone corresponds to B-type final.4.The tone with larger decline and movement corresponds to the B-type final.The reason of the phenomenon and the process of tone separation and combination:1.Qusheng去声tone occurs the phenomenon is relatively early.The tone reading with large decline,large moving range and shorter time is the most obvious feature that is different from other tones,which provides the basis for differentiation of finals.2.Yangping阳平tone and Shangsheng上声tone are both falling tones in the early Gaoyi dialect.Influenced by the surrounding dialects,Shangsheng上声tone is separated from Yangping阳平tone.The separation of tones provides motive force for finals separation.Because of the similarity between Yangping阳平tone and Qusheng去声tone,it forms B-type final,while Shangsheng上声tone forms A-type final.3.A-type final makes F₀of Shangsheng上声tone rise constantly,and the division of finals in turn promotes the separation of tones."dividing the tones by finals"and"dividing the finals by tones"are carried out simultaneously.4.The phenomenon that"the F₀of Yangping阳平tone and Shangsheng上声tone are similar and merged into a flat tone"has been formed in recent years.Now,the separation of finals tend to be stable,and the differences between A-type final and B-type final are replacing or have replaced the tone’s discrimination between Yangping阳平tone and Shangsheng上声tone,which makes the tone’s difference become an accompanying feature and gradually disappear.5.The eastern region is also have the"finals separation",but the difference between A-type final and B-type final does not reach the level of auditory discrimination,and it does not replace the difference of tones.