| Social service is one of the important functions of universities in addition to teaching and research.During the Republic of China,national universities used the Western university model for reference and combined with China’s reality.The quality and social influence of national universities were in an important position in the history of modern higher education.During the period of the Republic of China,the phenomenon of social services for national university students was extremely common.Whether their service activities showed different states with the changes of history,and what outstanding contributions they made to the development of modern society deserve further discussion.This article uses historical literature method,comparative research method,and case study method,taking national university student groups as the research object,and according to the historical order,from the dimensions of service motivation,service content,and service effect,it explores student spontaneous organization,university The experimental area model and the government call for three different organizational forms of student social services,hoping to restore the true appearance of the social services of national university students through historical data,and from this,give a glimpse into the home and country feelings of national university students during the Republic of China,and the society of higher education The manifestation of function at the time.Through research,it is found that with the changes of history,the social service of national university students has been carried out from the bottom up.First,the awakening of students’ sense of community and the development of civilian education to increase the knowledge of the people;then the university assumes the function of social service and leads the teachers Students go out of the campus to serve the countryside;in the end,the national government strengthens its guiding role and encourages college students to participate in anti-Japanese war service.It is also found that the social services organized by student groups are based on their own interests and hobbies,and some activities have certain political demands.Under the guidance of the school,the political color is downplayed and the motivation for academic research is increased.The national government calls on students to provide more social services.Mature,its specialization,organization standardization and service awareness have been enhanced.The full text is composed of four chapters:The first chapter discusses the background of the formation of social services for college students in modern my country.It mainly analyzes the historical motives of college students participating in social services during the Republic of China,including the demands of the times to improve the quality of the people and improve the society,the traditional inheritance of the spirit of practicality and the introduction of new democratic thoughts.The second chapter discusses the social services organized by students spontaneously.Firstly,it introduces the initial rise and promotion of the social service concept during the New Culture Movement.Next,taking National Peking University as an example,it analyzes the diversified service forms and contents of Peking University students’ establishment of civilian schools,open-air lectures,publications,etc.,and studies the transformation of Peking University students’ social service motivation and service effects.Finally,it summarizes the characteristics of the spontaneous organization of social services by Peking University students:spontaneous and scattered,and service locations are concentrated in the city.The third chapter discusses the social service of students under the university experimental district model.First,it introduces the background of the emergence of university experimental districts in the 1930 s.One is the theory that schools and social education are advocated by the education circle,and the other is the promotion of the rural construction movement.Then it analyzes the specific content of social services for students under the university experimental district model,including their motivation to save the country and pursue academic research,and are important forms of cultivating rural youth backbones,popularizing rural education,developing rural agriculture,and improving medical and health conditions.Finally,it summarizes the characteristics of student social services under the university experimental zone model:the professionalization of service work,the combination of theory and practice,and the diversified sponsors.The fourth chapter discusses the social services for students under the call of the government.First,it introduces a series of policies and regulations issued by the National Government for college students to participate in social services during the Anti-Japanese War.Then it analyzes the diversified anti-Japanese service carried out by the national university student groups under the call of the government.Finally,the characteristics of social services for national university students under this model are summarized: patriotic education is the main theme of the service content,professional knowledge is the carrier,and the country’s guiding role is strengthened. |
