A Comparative Study Of Situational Exercises In Chinese And Ameiican High School Physics Textbooks

In the driving of the curriculum reform,the actual physical knowledge and life close relation to become one of the features of physical education,Situational teaching has become a hot topic.At present,the research on situational teaching in physics mainly focuses on the creation of classroom situation and problem situation.With the reform of "ability" in the college entrance examination,situational questions in the college entrance examination have attracted much attention,while situational exercises in practice have been neglected,especially those in textbooks.Teaching materials are the first-hand information of students' learning and also the main factor affecting teachers' teaching quality.The differences in the content presentation and setting of situational exercises in different versions of teaching materials affect teachers' teaching and students' learning.Therefore,it is of great significance to study situational exercises in teaching materials.At the same time,it is a major feature of American physics teaching materials to closely relate to the reality of life.Therefore,the situational exercises in American physics teaching materials are selected as the comparative samples in this study to find out the advantages and disadvantages of situational exercises in Chinese teaching materials.Based on the mechanical part of Physics compulsory textbooks for high schools are contextualized exercises as a benchmark,selection of mainstream American high school science textbook "Physics: principles and problems"(Physics: all of the and the problems)in contrast,respectively from the scenes.however problem sets the number of distribution,material type,situation and illustrations with five dimensions,design methods,this paper compares and analyzes the following conclusions:(1)the physical material contextualized problem sets number difference is bigger,but the general problem of the proportion of fairly;On the distribution of knowledge,the people's edition is relatively uniform,the American edition is somewhat biased.(2)in terms of exercise types,exercises of various types in the pep edition are mixed and arranged,and open exercise forms are various.The American edition sets up a special column for each kind of exercises and lists them clearly.All kinds of exercises focus on creating situations from the process of knowledge formation.(3)in terms of context materials,the people's education edition pays more attention to the social life context,with a relatively single type of context,rigorous context language,and a high level of context abstraction;The American edition pays more attention to the situation of personal life.(4)in terms of illustrations,both Chinese and American textbooks attach importance to the application of drawing illustrations.The proportion of illustrations is high,and the content of real pictures is relatively high.The situational exercises in American edition have a small proportion of illustrations,and the content of drawing illustrations is relatively high.(5)in terms of design methods,both Chinese and American textbooks attach great importance to the close combination of situation and problem,and both of them focus on the situation fusion type with medium degree of combination.The proportion of the situation separation type with low degree of combination and the situation analysis type with high degree of combination was higher than that of the us version,while the situation fusion type with medium degree of combination was higher than that of the us version.Based on the above research results,the following Suggestions are put forward for the compilation of situational exercises in Chinese textbooks :(1)the situation of situational exercises should be real and specific;Situational language should be rich and vivid;The types of situations are flexible and diverse.(2)the situational types of situational exercises should be balanced,and the proportion of different background materials should be set reasonably.(3)the situational exercises should be illustrated and illustrated,and the application ratio between real photos and computer graphics should be reasonably set.