A Study On The Cultivation Strategy Of Historical And Rational Thinking Ability Of High School Students

In the information society,rational thinking is one of the essential qualities of citizens.Influenced by the impetuous society and exam-oriented education,some extreme behaviors have occurred in recent years.So it is necessary to cultivate students' rational thinking ability.High school period is the best time for students to develop rational thinking.History teaching has a unique advantage in cultivating the rational thinking ability of senior high school students and is good for the development of students' independent and sound personality which highlights the function of humanistic education and civic education.Based on combing through and referring to the studies on rational thinking ability in basic education both at home and abroad,the author defines the historical and rational thinking as a comprehensive thinking quality which is a combination of between historical and rational thinking.This quality takes rationality as its core,binding methods of logic thinking,critical thinking dialectic thinking,holistic thinking,etc.Guided by historical materialism,based on historical materials,historical and rational thinking is the ability to understand and evaluate historical events objectively and comprehensively through logical reasoning and argumentation,that is,it's discipline and embodiment of rational thinking.On the background of history teaching in middle schools,historical rational thinking is a personally psychological characteristic,which students can use the historical and rational thinking method to study,think and solve historical problems,and gain historical knowledge further.In short,it is a ability to solve practical problems by using rational thinking.Then,the author puts forward the essential structure of the historical and rational thinking ability,mainly including the abilities of historical materials interpreting,historical materialism using,reasoning,critical introspection,rational understanding and evaluation forming.Based on these factors,a questionnaire was designed to survey the current historical and rational thinking situation of three grades of high school students and the experimental group.According to the statistics,the reason of deficiency in historical and rational thinking has found.In addition,the author carries out a practical research on the cultivation of rational thinking ability and makes a certain conclusion that cultivation strategy is effective on the basis of questionnaire survey,which gives the author great encouragement.Finally,grounding on summarizing the practical research experience and referring to the previous research results,the author puts forward five strategies to cultivate the historical and rational thinking of middle school students in the field of history teaching.These five strategies are as follows: first,improving students' rational cognition ability gradually under the guidance of historical materialism;second,strengthening the teaching method of historical concepts to improve rational thinking progressively.third,highlighting the teaching method of historical evidence to cultivate rational thinking skills;fourth,improving historical teaching methods tostrengthen the rational thinking training;fifth,encouraging students to relate closely to social life and use rational thinking skills.Historical thinking is the core of historical subject and it is also the central problem of history teaching and research.Due to the implicitness and complexity of thinking and the author's limited ability,there still exists much deficiency which needs further improvement.