Hegel's Educational Philosophy From The Perspective Of Marxism

“bildung”is a very important part of Hegel's philosophy of education.In his work phenomenology of spirit,Hegel made a detailed and systematic discussion on his thoughts of “bildung”: In his discourse,the subjective spirit is civilized in reality,develops step by step,and finally becomes universal,thus realizing itself and becoming the absolute spirit.At the same time,Hegel's “bildung” thought is also realistic.In his opinion,education enables us to realize the unity with spirit in reality,and we can receive spiritual “bildung” in reality,which are elaborated in his another work philosophy of law.We can see that the process of self-realization of the subjective spirit is long and full of contradictions and twists.In this process,consciousness breaks through numerous obstacles step by step,devours various opposites,and constantly expands itself to realize itself.After defining the three key concepts of education,“bildung” and educational philosophy,this paper starts with the background of Hegel's living time and the theories of several philosophers who deeply influenced him,and introduces the educational philosophy system with his “bildung” thought as the core.Then,from the following aspects to discribe how Hegel built his system of “bildung” in theory:“bildung” is the process that the individual is getting closer to the truth in the development of contradiction,the two characteristics of “bildung”--immanence and intermediation,the essence of “bildung” is the ultimate goal for the individual to obtain the universal value and the value of “bildung”.Finally linking this thought system with his work philosophy of law,analysising how to achieve this kind of theory in reality,how to carry out his “bildung” thought,and then find the follow steps--the first in the family level,personal nature will be removed,and train their consciousness of individual independence;the second in social education level,the contradiction between the individual should be solve,reach the in and for oneself state;Thirdly,at the level of national education,the individuality and nation can be unified and become a universal spiritual existence--such a progressive,interlockinglogic of practice,and these three levels are connected and influence each other.At the same time,on the question of how exactly to operate,Hegel talks about the necessity of discipline as well as the education of love,the simultaneous education of theory and practice,and enhance the national cohesion with patriotic education.After clarifying the general content of Hegel's educational philosophy,compares it with Marx's educational philosophy,then we can find that Marx is deeply influenced by Hegel,and is in the same line with Hegel in terms of research horizon,research category and the attention to individual development.As for the understanding of the development of person,Marx gets one step closer and emphasizes human's freedom and comprehensive development.At the same time,about the relationship between education,genetic,environment,and the essence of person;education must be combined with productive labor;education has the class nature and historical inheritance;and the socio-economic function of education,the understanding of the functions of these aspects is beyond Hegel.At the end of the paper,on the standpoint of marxism,it summarizes the positive significance and historical limitation of Hegel's educational philosophy.Although Hegel's understanding of human nature is somewhat biased,his educational methods follow idealism,and his educational purposes are limited to serving the state.But the defects cannot belittle virtues,and there are plenty to be learned from them.First,while paying attention to the common values,we should not ignore the individuality of each individual.Second,the development of individuals towards the good is accompanied by the progress of the society without conflict;Third,people's self-actualization.