| Junior high school is the key period of teenagers' psychological and physical development.At this stage,teenagers begin to break away from their parents and turn more time and energy to school life.Peer communication has become an important topic for them.However,the phenomenon of a large number of peer rejection in schools shows that many junior high school students can not deal with peer relationship.Studies have shown that individuals with good peer relationship can often empathize with their peers' situation,that is,they have higher empathy.And peer interaction involves a lot of social skills,especially the expression of gratitude.However,there are relatively few studies on the relationship between gratitude,gratitude expression and friendship quality and empathy at home and abroad.This study has a certain practical significance for junior high school students to study the quality of friendship,empathy,gratitude and gratitude expression,and to deepen the research on the influencing factors and influencing paths of friendship quality.Using the questionnaire of friendship quality,empathy and gratitude expression and stratified cluster sampling method,this study investigated 640 junior high school students from grade one to grade three in two middle schools.599 valid questionnaires were collected.Spss23.0 and Amos20.0 were used to analyze the data:(1)In terms of friendship quality,the score of female students is higher than that of male students,the only child is higher than that of non only child,and the class cadres are higher than that of non class cadres.The individuals with excellent academic performance and harmonious family atmosphere also have relatively high quality of friendship.(2)In terms of empathy,the scores of girls in cognitive empathy and emotional empathy are significantly higher than boys;junior high school students with harmonious family atmosphere are more likely to have empathy for others in cognitive and emotional;students with poor academic performance are more likely to have empathy for others in academic performance.There was no significant difference in empathy score among junior high school students in whether they were the only child or not,whether they were class cadres or not,and grade(3)In terms of gratitude,girls have a higher level of gratitude than boys,and the gratitude score of class cadres is significantly higher than that of non class cadres;the difference of gratitude in grades is significant,showing the trend of "junior three>junior two>junior one";the gratitude score of excellent academic performance is significantly higher than other achievement levels;the gratitude score of individuals with very harmonious family atmosphere is relatively higher.(4)In gratitude expression,girls score higher than boys,non only child higher than only child,class cadres higher than non class cadres.Individuals with excellent academic performance and harmonious family atmosphere have relatively high scores of gratitude expression.There was no significant difference in gratitude expression in grade.(5)Junior high school students with higher level of gratitude have better expression of gratitude in peer communication,at the same time,they are more likely to have empathy for their peers' situation and have higher quality of friendship.Conclusion:empathy,gratitude and gratitude expression of junior high school students are significantly correlated with friendship quality;gratitude and gratitude expression of junior high school students play a mediating role between empathy and friendship quality;empathy can directly affect the friendship quality of junior high school students,and can also indirectly affect friendship quality through the chain mediating role of gratitude and gratitude expression. |
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