The Rational Thinking And Practical Enlightenment Of Gratitude Education In Our Current Country

As one of the important components of the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation,"gratitude" has always been attached great importance.Xi Jinping once said,"It is very important to have a grateful heart,and all people must have a grateful heart." It can be seen that gratitude education is of great significance for cultivating the good quality of Chinese people and promoting the harmonious development of society.But back to reality,we have to admit that "gratitude" is a very complex problem,which makes it difficult for educators to have a correct and scientific understanding of it.Therefore,the current gratitude education actually develops a kind of "intuitive" gratitude education,that is,in the absence of scientific understanding of "gratitude",Carry out gratitude teaching based on personal intuition.The harm caused by "Intuitive Gratitude Education" is obvious,and the solution to this problem must start from the root cause,that is,to clarify the essential connotation of "gratitude" and solve the problem of "What is gratitude";it is also necessary to explore the inner psychology of individual gratitude solves the problem of "Why gratitude".Based on this,this research takes "gratitude essence" and "gratitude structure" as the starting point,and combines the law of occurrence of individual gratitude psychology.The research is divided into five parts,which is intended to explore a set of practical and feasible basic principles of gratitude education,thereby improving the effectiveness of gratitude education in schools.The first part mainly elaborates the research background,research significance and research methods of this research,and defines the core concepts of "gratitude" and "grateful education".At the same time,the research combs the current research situation at home and abroad,fully understands the current research results and shortcomings,and provides a solid theoretical and practical basis for this research.The second part is mainly to analyze the current situation of Gratitude education in Chinese schools,and analyze the attribution of the problems existing in Gratitude education in schools.The research points out that,influenced by the traditional gratitude culture(external cause),traditional moral education concept(external cause),realistic social background(external cause)and the complexity of gratitude itself(Internal cause),"Intuitive Gratitude Education" has the following main problems in reality: first,the educational goals are narrow,and simple "grateful education" is implemented;second,the educational side To deviate,focus on the cultivation of individual "sense of debt";third,rigid educational means,focus on the implementation of "Gratitude Indoctrination";fourth,ignore human dignity,the implementation of "Enslaved Gratitude Education";fifth,ignore the existence of benefactor,the implementation of "One-way Gratitude Education";Sixth,ignore the law of individual gratitude and implement "Interrupted Gratitude Education."The third part is a comprehensive and multi-perspective interpretation of "gratitude",which aims to solve the problem of "What is Gratitude".The research combines the ideological origins of "gratefulness",etymology analysis,multi-concept interpretation,etc,seeks the common characteristics of "gratefulness",and summarizes the essential characteristics of "gratefulness"(Including Relationship Structural Elements,Psychic Structural Elements)and connotative characteristics(Including Relational,Process,Dynamic,Emotional,and Moral).On this basis,it criticizes and questions the existing "Contract Theory" and "Obligation Theory" of gratitude in academic circles.The fourth part is mainly to explore the individual’s gratitude psychology and solve the problem of "Why Gratitude".The research is based on psychology(mainly the two theories about "gratefulness" in psychology: The Theory of Gratitude Cognitive Emotion and the Theory of Gratitude Emotional Experience),combined with philosophy and ethics,and explored the personal gratitude psychology and the mechanism of gratitude.Analyzed several main repayment psychology,namely:External Grateful Psychology,Internal Grateful Psychology and Inherent Grateful Psychology.On this basis,it is clarified that "behavior of gratitude" is different from pure "behavior of gratitude",and "gratefulness" is also different from "debt awareness"(Equivalent to guilt)and "debt awareness"(Equivalent to liabilities).The fifth part is mainly based on the third and fourth parts,constructing and analyzing the structural model of "gratitude",including the relationship structure analysis of gratitude and the psychological structure analysis of gratitude.The research points out that the relationship structure of gratitude is composed of benefactor,favor,recipient,gratitude experience and gratitude behavior.These four parts constitute a "one-to-one" virtuous two-way cycle of gratitude relationship structure.At the same time,under the five core elements of "understanding","caring","respect","moving" and "rationality",the relationship structure of gratitude has developed from "two-way cycle" to open "multilateral cycle".The psychological structure of gratitude is the focus on the back end of the chain of the relationship structure of gratitude(the main part of“ gratitude ”),that is,the focus on the gratitude psychology of the recipient.The psychological structure of gratitude is composed of gratitude cognition,gratitude emotion,gratitude will and gratitude behavior.The formation of individual gratitude quality has experienced the process from the concrete gratitude cognition of image to the gratitude cognition of abstract idea,from the instant gratitude emotion experience to the stable gratitude emotion characteristic,from the changeable weak gratitude will to the stable and firm gratitude belief,from the accidental gratitude behavior to the habitual gratitude behavior.The sixth part is mainly based on the nature of "gratitude" and its structure to explore the implementation of school gratitude education enlightenment.The research holds that gratitude education should clarify the concept,understand the essential connotation of "gratitude",and should go deep into the relationship and psychological structure of gratitude,respect personality and follow the law.To achieve: from simple "gratitude education" to "gratitude education";from cultivating "debt" to "cultivating gratitude";from "gratitude indoctrination" to "gratitude experience";from "servile gratitude" to "personality equality";from "one-way gratitude" to "two-way gratitude";from the beginning of grace,let the teaching full of love.In addition,we should go deep into the psychological structure of gratitude,grasp the main tasks of the stages,of knowing gratitude and understanding gratitude,experiencing gratitude and remembering gratitude,rewarding and giving,and forming gratitude quality.Take corresponding Gratitude education measures,so as to effectively promote the formation and development of students’ gratitude quality.