An Analysis Of The Coordination Between Labor Force And Industrial Structure In Southeast Asian Countries

As China's southern neighbor,Southeast Asia has been an important gateway for China to the world since ancient times.It is one of the most dynamic and promising regions in the world economy today.With the rapid development of economic construction and social progress of China and Southeast Asian countries,as well as the continuous advancement of "One Belt And One Road" strategy,the trade cooperation between China and Southeast Asian countries has achieved fruitful results.The trade sector is gradually expanding,the structure is further optimized and new growth areas are constantly emerging,creating golden opportunities for Chinese enterprises to explore overseas markets.In 2020,the total volume of trade in goods between China and ASEAN reached 4.74 trillion yuan,accounting for more than one seventh of China's total foreign trade,surpassing the European Union to become China's largest trading partner in goods.In the new world political and economic pattern in the future,Southeast Asia will play a more important role and strategic position in global politics and economy,and it will also be of great value for the implementation of China's "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" strategy and the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.The statistical analysis and tracking research on the labor population and industrial structure of Southeast Asian countries is helpful to grasp the current situation and future development trend of population and economy in Southeast Asia,and promote the cooperation and exchange between China and Southeast Asian countries for coordinated development,which has certain practical significance and value.Based on the data of World Bank,Demographic Yearbook of Population and Family Division of the United Nations,United Nations database and International Labor Organization database,this paper makes a descriptive statistical analysis and comparative study on the population and industrial structure in Southeast Asia.A coupling coordination model is established to study the coordination between labor population and industrial structure in Southeast Asian countries.For the convenience of analysis,this paper compares the industrial population and economic situation of Southeast Asian countries with Guangxi and Yunnan provinces in China,draws intuitive research conclusions,and finally puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for cooperation and exchange with Southeast Asian countries.The research conclusions of this paper can be summarized as follows:1.Southeast Asia has a large population base,stable changes,rich population resources,relatively backward overall economic level and fast economic growth,thus showing great potential.Southeast Asia's population accounts for about 47%of China's,and its GDP accounts for about 20%of China's.Among Southeast Asian countries,Singapore,Brunei,Malaysia and Thailand take the lead in economic development,while Indonesia,the Philippines,Vietnam,Thailand,Myanmar and Malaysia are rich in population resources.China has a close trade relationship with Vietnam,Malaysia,Thailand,Singapore,Indonesia and the Philippines,accounting for more than 95 percent of the total trade in Southeast Asia.2.In terms of the number and structure of the labor population,Southeast Asia has the advantages of abundant total labor population,superior age structure and low dependency burden of the labor population.At the same time,Singapore and Thailand have entered the stage of population aging,while Malaysia and Vietnam are facing the aging problem of "getting old before getting rich and getting old before getting ready".In terms of the quality of development of the labor force,Southeast Asian countries have poor development,mainly reflected in the low level of education of the labor force,the lack of skilled personnel and the high proportion of low-end labor force.3.At present,the industrial development of Southeast Asian countries is still dominated by labor-intensive industries,and the industries are constantly upgrading and transforming to higher-order industries.Except Brunei,the industrial output structure and employment structure of all the 11 countries are in the stage of transferring from the primary industry to the secondary and tertiary industries,or from the primary and secondary industries to the tertiary industry.The overall level of advanced industrial structure in Southeast Asian countries is on the rise,but there are problems such as unbalanced industrial structure,backward development of tertiary industry and service industry,excessively high proportion of employment in primary industry and low labor productivity.Southeast Asian countries mainly focus on traditional manufacturing and low-end service retail industry in their occupational structure.Compared with countries at the same level of development in the world,Southeast Asian countries show the characteristics of lower output value of the tertiary industry and lower employment number of the secondary industry.4.The coordination level of labor population and industrial structure in eleven Southeast Asian countries can be divided into four gradients.The first gradient:Singapore and Malaysia,are at a good coordination.The second gradient:Brunei,the Philippines,Indonesia,Thailand,Vietnam,at the intermediate level of coordination.The third gradient:Cambodia,Myanmar,at the primary level of coordination.The Fourth gradient:Timor-Leste,Laos,at a barely coordinated level.In addition to Thailand,Singapore and Brunei,the coordination between labor population and industrial structure in other countries has shown a rising trend in recent years.5.Guangxi and Yunnan provinces in southwest China are adjacent to Southeast Asian countries,and their natural conditions are similar.Compared with Guangxi and Yunnan,the total population of Southeast Asia is about 6.7 times that of the two provinces,and the total GDP of Southeast Asia is 5 times that of the two provinces.The average per capita GDP of the two provinces is about 1.3 times the average level of 11 Southeast Asian countries.Compared with Southeast Asian countries,Guangxi and Yunnan have the advantages of high economic level,fast economic growth,sufficient labor population,high quality of labor population and low dependency burden of the overall labor population.But at the same time,there are also some problems,such as the aging of population,the heavy burden of old-age support,the proportion of employed population and output value in the primary industry is too high,the industrial structure is unreasonable,and the coordination between the labor population and the industrial structure is low.