Research On The Strategy Of Training Mathematical Verification Thinking Of Low Grade Students In Primary Schools

Mathematics is a very rigorous discipline,and mathematical verification is the embodiment of the preciseness of mathematics.The training of mathematical verification thinking is the guarantee to establish the spirit of seeking truth and being practical in the process of mathematics learning.At present,for the training of mathematical verification thinking,its research object mainly lies in the middle and upper grade students in primary schools,and there is little research on low grade students in primary schools,which is in the the embryonic stage of this thinking method.At the same time,the research content is also relatively scattered and independent.It fails to put forward mathematical verification thinking as a complete teaching system,and many related studies lack empirical evidence.Therefore,combining with the content analysis of the elementary school mathematics teaching materials of the PEP edition,it constructs the content system of mathematical verification thinking training from four fields: number and algebra,figure and geometry,statistics and probability,and problem solving,and involves single checking calculation of addition and subtraction,single checking calculation of multiplication and division,length estimation verification,graphic operability verification,total number checking verification,multiple statistical method verification,reverse verification of known as unknown in problem solving and horizontal verification of various methods.In the meantime,based on the research and analysis of the teaching objectives and subobjectives in the 2011 edition of Mathematics Curriculum Standards,it further clarifies the objective system of the training of verification thinking of low grade students in primary schools:In the field of number and algebra,students are expected to be able to master reasonable checking methods and further cultivate the sense of numbers and the spirit of seeking truth and being practical;In the field of figure and geometry,students are expected to able to further develop their spatial imagination and operation ability by operating,evaluating and inspecting figures;In the field of statistics and probability,students are expected to able to master the methods of constant quantity test and total number verification,and further understand the authenticity of the data;In the field of problem solving,students are expected to able to master the horizontal and reverse verification methods,further train the ability to solve problems,and feel the completeness of mathematics.Through the research on the current situation of the training and level of mathematical verification thinking of low grade students,the following problems are found: In the field of number and algebra,teachers pay little attention to the teaching of verification,and students do not have a deep understanding of the reciprocal relationship between addition,subtraction,multiplication and division;In the field of figure and geometry,students are lack of speculation on estimation verification;In the field of statistics and probability,students lack the experience of data verifying process;In the field of problem solving,teachers belittle the process of verification,methods teaching is relatively simple,and students fail to develop good verification habits.Based on training content,objectives and current situation,it puts forward four teaching strategies: Promote the training of verification thinking in number and algebra by paying attention to the blank space in class,activating interest and strengthening method guidance;Promote the training of verification thinking in the field of figure and geometry by means of operation and skillful use of estimation;Promote the training of verification thinking in the field of statistics and probability by classification and comparison and reflection on the total number of people;Promote the training of mathematical verification thinking in the field of problem solving by strengthening the reverse and horizontal verification in problem solving.It tests the effectiveness of the strategy in practice,and the results show that the proposed teaching strategy can effectively improve the achievement of the goal of verification thinking,and promote the development of students' verification thinking ability.It is hoped that this study can provide some references for the training of mathematical verification thinking of low grade students in primary schools.