The Benefits Of Migration:A Comparative Study On The Status Attainment Of Rural Workers Employed Outside Their Hometowns,Rural Workers Employed In Their Hometowns And Urban Local Workers

As for the behavior choice of rural workers employed outside their hometowns' migration,it usually means the pursuit of better life opportunities,that is,the purpose of migration includes the appeal for status change to a large extent.In the study of rural workers employed outside their hometowns' status change,the difference between the outflow and inflow groups is the focus of the study.On the whole,most of the previous studies believe that the status change of rural workers employed outside their hometowns is more inferior than that of the inflow workers,and more advantageous than that of the outflow workers.With the continuous advancement of urban labor market system reform in recent years,and the emergence of the new trend of local employment of rural workers,it is necessary to re-examine the benefits of migration.At the same time,in view of the lack of discussion on the influencing factors of status change in previous studies,further research is also needed.In this paper,the inflow and outflow of different types of workers are divided into three types:rural workers employed outside their hometowns,rural workers employed in their hometowns and urban local workers.At the same time,proceeding from the classical OED model proposed by Blau and Duncan(with“O”for origins,“E”for education,and“D”for destination),this paper builds its own analytical framework.And makes a comparative study on the influence of family background,education,gender and other factors on the occupational status acquisition of three types of groups.Data acquired by the“Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)”in 2017 are adopted.The“International Socioeconomic Index(ISEI)”is defined as the dependent variable to measure the occupational status,and the group type variables made up of three groups: rural workers employed outside their hometowns,rural workers employed in their hometowns and urban local workers,are adopted as the core independent variable.The multiple regression statistical model is combined with the interactive term research approach.The findings are as follows: First,rural workers employed outside their hometowns can attain an occupation status that is much higher than that of rural workers employed in their hometowns,but not all rural workers employed outside their hometowns can attain occupational advantages of the same level.Data reveal that rural workers employed outside their hometowns and with a higher educational level can attain more striking occupational advantages,but no significant advantages are found with those low in their educational level.Secondly,male rural workers employed outside their hometowns only receiving certain years of education can attain a higher occupational status than rural workers employed in their hometowns,on the contrary,otherwise the latter are more dominant.However,among female rural workers,those employed outside their hometowns and those employed in their hometowns hold a similar occupational status,no matter how their educational level is.This shows that migration does not give them a occupational advantage.Third,compared with urban local workers,rural workers employed outside their hometowns are in an inferior position.But not all rural workers employed outside their hometowns are faced with the same degree of occupational disadvantages.Research casts light on that,on the one hand,rural workers employed outside their hometowns and with a higher educational level are confronted with more obvious occupational disadvantages,and that female rural workers employed outside their hometowns are generally in a more disadvantaged status;On the other hand,rural workers employed outside their hometowns and with a lower educational level not only show their occupational disadvantages,but also show a kind of occupational advantage.Fourth,although this paper does not find that the direct influence of family background on rural workers employed outside their hometown' occupational status is weak,we think that the reason for this result is that education plays a strong intermediary role,which shows the indirect inheritance mode of family status.At last,based on the above research results,this paper makes some policy thinking and prospects for the social consequences of migration.