Research On The Problem Of Old-age Care In Rural Pure Female Households And Its Social Support System

With the gradual deepening of the aging of the national population,the elderly population has increased sharply,the elderly dependency ratio has risen,and the elderly care problem has become prominent.Compared with urban old-age care,imperfect rural infrastructure,backward economic development,and poor health conditions have caused the problem of rural old-age care to become more serious.The pension problem of rural women-only households is a general issue in rural pension issues and a special family pension issue.Affected by the family planning policy,a large number of "single-child households" and "two-daughter households" appeared in rural areas.In fact,some rural households were not affected by the family planning policy,but they did not have a son for various reasons.Families with multiple daughters are collectively referred to as "pure female households" in this study.Rural pure-female households include three types: "single-female households","two-female households" and "multi-female households".Through field investigations in K Town,Guizhou,we used door-to-door interviews to gain insights into the living conditions of elders in rural pure-female households,and found that the main living styles of elders in rural pure-female households include living alone,recruiting son-in-law and living with their daughter.According to different living methods,there are three types of pensions: living alone and self-supporting,recruiting son-in-law for home care,and staying with his daughter for the aged.Among them,the financial support for the elderly living in pure female households living alone is self-sufficient,life care is self-sufficient,and spiritual comfort is self-comfort.The financial support for the elderly in the pure-female households that recruited sons-in-law is shown as the obligation of daughters and son-in-law to support the elderly,the living care is shown as self-consciousness,and the mental comfort is reluctant.The financial support of the elderly from pure female households living with their daughters is manifested as strong dependence,reciprocity in life care,and opacity in terms of spiritual comfort.The current social support for the elderly from pure female households in rural areas mainly includes family support from blood groups,community support from geographic groups,and government policy support.However,there are problems such as the discontinuity of family support,insufficient community exchange resources,the limitation and ambiguity of government policy support,and the insufficient participation of non-profit organizations.The social support system for the elderly in pure female households in rural areas should be improved so that the elderly can have a sense of security,happiness,support and end of life.