The Effect Of Mindfulness Intervention On The Wisdom Of High School Students

Wisdom has its roots in religious and philosophical practice,but it was not until the 1970 s that it gradually entered the field of psychology and gained attention.Another construct that has been identified to play a role in individual well-being,is core self-evaluations(CSE).CSE describes individual differences in fundamental evaluations about the self,individual abilities and life control.A valuable skill that has been used to improve well-being is “mindfulness”.Based on Zen,modern psychology has developed a range of therapeutic applications based on mindfulness for helping people coping with psychological distresses and life conditions.Studies have demonstrated the psychological benefits of mindfulness in different sample groups.However,little research has investigated the potential association among mindfulness interventions,wisdom and CSE.Adolescence is a period for rapid cognitive development,which includes transitions in one's selfawareness and “wisdom”.Targeting at high school adolescents,the present study investigated the potential benefit of mindfulness-based practices on CSE and wisdom in Chinese high school students.It was divided into two studies:In study 1,730 first-year students from a local high school were asked to fill in questionnaires which were designed to explore the relationship between mindfulness,wisdom,and CSE of high school students,as well as the mediating role of core self-evaluation between the two.Study 2 was based on the results of Study 1.Using a random group experimental design,an experimental group and a control group was set up.The experimental group was asked to participate in a two-month mindfulness training,while the control group received no additional intervention.The training was designed to introduce CSE.The results would be used to explore whether mindfulness training would improve individual core self-evaluation and wisdom in high school students.The results showed that:(1)There were significant gender differences in the CSE and the awareness and non-reaction dimensions of mindfulness.(2)There were significant differences in the education level of mothers in mindfulness and core self-evaluation,and the education level of fathers has significant differences in the description dimension of mindfulness.(3)There was a significant correlation between mindfulness,wisdom,and CSE.(4)In the dimension of mindfulness,except the dimension of not judging decreased wisdom,other dimensions were shown to increase wisdom.All dimensions of mindfulness predicted an increase in the level of CSE,and CSE predicted an increase in intelligence level.(5)The mediating effect of core self-evaluation in mindfulness and wisdom was significant.(6)Mindfulness training through the introduction of core self-evaluation could effectively enhance the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions in high school students,which was shown through the improvement of CSE and wisdom.