Research On Zhang Xuemen's Game Thought

As one of the milestones of early childhood education in China,Zhang Xuemen's game thought is an important starting point for the study of the history of game thought in preschool education.The process of exploring Zhang Xuemen's game thought is the process of understanding Zhang Xuemen and the whole era of his life's understanding of children's subjectivity and the essence of preschool education.This study through the literature research and historical research method,on the basis of collecting and organizing the literature tried to personal growth as the ordinate zhang xue,door,in the late qing dynasty to the period of the Republic of China,the background of the modern China society for horizontal line,on the whole more objectively the understanding of the evolution of game zhang xue,door,door and tried to dig zhang xue,thought the cause of the game,Analyze the practical significance of his thoughts to the practice of kindergarten games.The research shows that the emergence and development of Zhang Xuemen's game thought has experienced three stages: "experience and germination","impact and confusion","solution and gradual development".Childhood game experience and studying experience is zhang xue,the ideological foundation of the formation of the era of change gate of zhang xue,thinking the game provided the practice accumulation,Chinese and western education thought is the theory basis of the formation of his game,continue in infants and young children of normal education experience and improve the system of his game.Zhang Xuemen's game thought system mainly includes six aspects:the source of the game,the characteristics of the game,the types of the game,the choice of the game,the equipment of the game,and the guiding principles of the game.On the basis of the above analysis,the author draws on the ecological model of human development proposed by the American scholar Bronfenbrenner to construct the analytical framework of this study and explore the causes of Zhang Xuemen's game thinking.From the perspective of people,environment and time system,the author finds that the development of Zhang Xuemen's game thought is related to both his personality and the specific environment in which he lives.In the process of Zhang Xuemen's interaction with the surrounding environment,the superego consciousness,the noble educational ideal and the desire for understanding are the driving characteristics of Zhang Xuemen's game thought.The role change and important others in the micro system of zhang xuemen are the direct driving force for the formation of his thoughts,the meso system is the booster for the formation of Zhang Xuemen's thoughts,the external system is the scaffold for the formation of Zhang Xuemen's thoughts,and the macro system is the driving force for the formation of his thoughts.It is worth noting that,through the time system,we can dig out the key nodes of the formation of Zhang Xuemen's game ideas,such as going to the north to study,the turbulent situation and so on.The research shows that there are three connotations of Zhang Xuemen's game thoughts.First,he holds the concept of games in daily life,and games enrich life and have integrity.Second,pay attention to the dual value of games,taking into account the needs of children's individuation and socialization;Third,pay attention to the spiritual attitude of the game,using the non-utilitarian and imaginative characteristics of the game to cultivate children's working habits.In addition,Zhang Xuemen's game thought has the characteristics of vivid and concrete,easy to learn and easy to understand,bottom-up and combination of theory and reality.Under the influence of the historical background and her own experience,Zhang Xuemen has formed a multi-level understanding of games and curriculum: games contain rich curriculum resources,and curriculum should contain the advantages of "wild children" games.