Research On Several Theoretical And Practical Problems Of The Development Of Recess Exercises In Primary And Middle Schools In China ——An Empirical Investigation Of Some Schools In Henan Province

In recent years,with the deepening of the reform of school physical education in China,the country pays special attention to the sports activities of primary and middle school students,and recess exercise is an important part of it.On the one hand,it is a policy measure carried out throughout the country,and it is one of the fixed contents of physical activities for primary and secondary school students.It can not only relieve the academic pressure,but also has the function of strengthening physical and moral education,and has positive significance for the healthy growth of students and lifelong sports.On the other hand,as an important component of extra-curricular physical activities,the exercise itself will have a structural impact on the effect of school physical education reform in the new era.However,the attention of the current scholars on the whole is low,and the existing research is limited to the micro empirical investigation or descriptive analysis,and there is little research on the general and universal problems in the basic theory and practice.Based on this,this research through the lesson hold the development of "ought to be-reality-" the main line,mainly based on the inherent regularity of speculative logic analyzes the lesson hold,from the level of general theory and himself,cooperate with henan province as the regional empirical case,will examine macro and micro,detailed survey and analysis;Through literature method,questionnaire survey method,mathematical statistics method,interview method,etc.,the value positioning,manifestation,development characteristics,existing problems and influencing factors of China's primary and secondary school recess exercises were studied comprehensively and systematically,and the following conclusions were drawn:(1)The value orientation of recess exercises in primary and secondary schools in China is mainly reflected in four dimensions: physical education,moral education,entertainment and cultural inheritance;Before the founding of the People's Republic of China,the form of the exercise was mainly militarized.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,it experienced the forms of "broadcast gymnastics","diversified gymnastics","characteristic exercise" and so on.(2)Through the empirical investigation in some areas of Henan Province,it can be seen that the characteristics of the development of recess exercises in primary and secondary schools are mainly broadcast gymnastics and running exercises,the amount of exercise is different,the frequency of form transformation is different,and the evaluation mechanism is different.The main problems are the relatively single form of development,the school hardware facilities are not matched,the absence of feedback mechanism,and the enthusiasm and attention of teachers and students to the recess exercise is not enough.(3)The factors that affect the development of recess exercises in primary and secondary schools in China are political(policy)factors,cultural factors,site equipment and climate and environment factors,and relevant participant factors.Among them,political(policy)factors include "one school,one grade" policy,"sunshine sports" policy,"sports examination" policy and "double reduction" policy;Cultural factors include popular culture and traditional culture;The main participation factors include the importance of school leaders,teachers and students' participation enthusiasm.(4)The strategies to promote the development of China's primary and secondary school intercalation are: clear the value orientation of intercalation,enhance the "interesting" and appreciation of intercalation,according to local conditions to promote the diversified development of intercalation,as appropriate to improve the development of intercalation "hardware" and "software",and constantly improve the importance of the relevant participants.